200 Scientific Proceedings, Royal Dublin Society. 
Phoxichilus levis, Grube. 
[ Pl. x11., figs. 2, 4, 6, 8. ] 
P. spinosus, Sars (7), Schimk. (10); P. spinosus, Hoek (4) (in part). 
This form is, as has been said, much smaller! and less spiny 
than the true P. spinosus. The structural differences, pointed out 
above, are, however, so relative that many naturalists would 
hesitate to rank the two forms as “‘species.”” There are only nine- 
teen or twenty cement-gland openings on each femur of the male 
in this form (fig. 6). The spines on the lateral processes are small 
or absent. There is no doubt from Sars’ figures and descriptions (7) 
that this is the Phowichilus which occurs on the west coast of Nor- 
way. Grube’s types (12) were from the Breton shore, where Hoek 
also found the animal, and referred it, as mentioned above, to 
P. spinosus.? Jarzynsky is said to have taken it also on the coast 
of Lapland. On our coasts, Dr. Scharff found specimens cast up 
on the North Bull, Dublin Bay, after a strong S.E. gale in 
October, 1892. Miss A. Warren sent it to me last summer from 
TGlala Bay,’ and Mr. A. R. C. Newburgh has found numerous 
examples in .Dunbeacon harbour at the head of Dunmanus Bay. 
Many of the males in this consignment bore egg-masses. 
I have figured parts of these two Phoxichili for comparison 
(Pl. xi1.), the corresponding organs in each being drawn to the 
same scale. 
The proboscis of this form is not swollen at the end (fig. 2) as 
much as that of P. spinosus (fig. 1); but both forms have the 
proboscis thicker in the male than in the female. In the shape of 
the proboscis, P. /evis closely resembles P. vulgaris, Dohrn, from 
the Mediterranean; the latter is, however, a smaller and more 
slender animal, and the male has but fifteen or sixteen cement- 
glands on each femur. Schimkéwitsch (10) has recently given 
detailed descriptions of the species of Phovichilus, and notes various 
points of difference between the present animal and P. vulgaris. 
He seems, however, to have had but very few specimens of each 
1 3-4 mm. long and 25 mm. in span. 
2 In his Report on the ‘‘Challenger’? Pycnogonida, however, Hoek says that 
P. levis may be readily distinguished from P. spinosus. 
° T recorded these in the Irish Naturalist, vol. i., pp. 42, 165, as P. spinosus. 
