Wright and Muff — Pre-glacial Raised Beach. 295 



from the top of the underlying silt. The marly boulder-clay 

 throws springs out of the sand which lies above it. The bottom 

 4 feet of the head has its matrix composed of a white clay, which 

 occurs also in patches through it, and can be seen beneath the 

 shingle on the shore. 



Some yards further east there is an exposure of 15 to 20 feet of 

 the stratified series, showing alternating silts and sands very free 

 from stones. There seem to be some obscure contortions. The 

 sands in places show obvious current bedding. 



On the northern side of Dungarvan Harbour, there can be seen 

 in one or two places a ledge of limestone a few feet above high- 

 water mark, which may represent the pre-glacial shore-platform. 

 No beach-deposits or head, however, accompany it. 



Ballyvoyle Head. — Just west of Ballyvoyle Bridge, the Old 

 Red Sandstone rock-cliffs have a fringing ledge of head. This is, 

 at first, almost uncovered by boulder-clay ; but as we go west, the 

 drift-cliff leaves the pre-glacial cliff, and the boulder-claj^ thickens, 

 ultimately replacing the head. A wide terrace of drift is thus 

 formed, which extends so far seaward that the platform on which 

 it lies passes below high-water mark, and is entirely covered by 

 sand. The drift-cliffs along this stretch of coast from Ballyvoyle 

 Bridge to Olonea are very fine, there being in one place 40 feet 

 of boulder-clay of the inland type. 



Immediately east of Ballyvoyle Bridge is the following : — 



Feet. 



Boulder-clay, . . . . . . . . 15-25 



Coarse blocky head, . , . . . . 3-5 



Beach-shingle, well rolled, traoes. 



Water- worn rock-platform. 

 Of the platform, only a mere remnant of the upper edge is 

 left. It is decidedly water- worn. The beach-shingle is mixed up 

 with the base of the head, and lies at a height of 12 to 15 feet above 

 ordinary high-water mark. 



A little further east is a rather better section, showing : — 



Feet. 

 Boulder-clay, with much Old Eed Sandstone, 15 



Head, with large blocks at base in places, . . 20-25 

 Beach-gravel and shingle among blocks, . . 1-2 . 



Water- worn rock-platform. 



