Figure 3- Regression of the 

 number of mammal species on July 

 temperature. The abscissa is 

 graduated in C, the ordinate 

 in numbers of species. 



Figure 4. Regression of the 

 number of bird species on Jul) 

 temperature (abscissa and 

 ordinate same as in Fig. 3/' 



Figure 5- Regression of 

 the number of reptile species 

 on July temperature (abscissa 

 and ordinate same as in 

 Figure 3- 



role only for the amphibians, but that even 

 this is not great. Thus, the problem is not 

 to look for an equation for the correspond i nc 

 regressions, but to give these empirical 

 mean i ng. 



Table 9- Analysis of the degree of influence 

 of total precipitation on the number of 

 spec ies. 



D i scuss ion 



The previous ev 

 doubt that the numbe 

 fauna i s pr imari ly a 

 presently operating 

 whereas the historic 

 species. In other 

 filled (saturated), 

 i tself , the quant i ta 

 present day condit 

 been shown to be cor 

 historical principle 

 substantial area; fo 

 and local perturbati 

 zoogeograph i cal conf 

 assume that the abov 

 Amphibians, and very 

 these animal species 

 microclimate rather 

 zoogeograph ical regu 

 kilometers'. Furthe 

 f i ndi ngs. 



idence shows without 

 r of spec i es of the 



funct ion of the 

 factors (ecological), 

 al factors are respon 

 ords, history determi 

 which itself is deter 



e r ichness of t he 

 ns. By these means, 

 rect, as are the cont 

 The above is reas 

 if we consider are 

 s ar i se. 1 1 i s d i f 

 m i t y preva i Is over 

 e f i ndi ngs hold for q 

 likely many groups o 

 depends, in general, 

 than upon the macro-c 

 larity for mammals m 

 r i nvest i gat i on will 



Die 1 

 5 hov 

 led t 

 a ( 

 olc 

 urar 

 ble 

 of ; 

 ult 

 al f 

 rat-: 



Dr the 

 much 

 f cont 

 spec ie 

 zooge 

 / zoog 

 and co 

 nail s 

 to det 

 it tern 

 of t 

 tebrat 

 stron 

 Obvi 

 sns i de 

 ired t 



basic form of the specific composition of 

 of the potential size of the fauna is 

 emporary ecological conditions; i.e., in 



ersity) is 8O-9O? a product of the 

 ographers-ecolog i sts (Schmarde, 1853) have 

 eographers, in giving attention to basic 

 rrect only for faunas of a more or less 

 ize, in the first place, stationary features 

 ermine that minimum area, above which 

 s (of diversity). It is reasonable to 

 he order of n x 10 or n x 10-' kilometers . 

 ent exceptions: the numbers of 



the general local situation, on 

 he minimal area necessary for- 



es, pres 

 gly upon 

 ousl y, t 

 rably larger--of the order of n 



10° 



erify these suppositions and tentative 



As far as the correlation between latitude and temperature, localities (in soviet Russia) 

 show a strong correlation - of the order V^ = .84 + .01 (Terent'ev, 1946); considering the 

 shortage of information concerning local climates, it is possible to infer these from latitude. 

 As mentioned earlier (p. l), Rekliv was the first to note the latitudinal increase in total numl 

 of species. Thus, we may call this phenomenon "Rekliv's Rule". Furthermore, the increasing 

 numbers of species associated with increases in temperature may be called "Schmarda's Rule", 

 inasmuch as this author clearly noted the decrease in number of species with decreased annual 

 temperatures. 



Mere recognition of a positive or negative correlation does not definitely determine its 

 form. Examination of the graphs of the present paper shows that some (Figures 3 an d 4) appear 

 to have two slopes: after the achievement of some optimum, the curve begins to descend. 

 (Translator's note: here Terent'ev is referring to his mean values for the numbers of species- 

 the data points.) One may examine other plots (Figures 1, 2, and 5) as parts of two-sloped 



