150 Scientific Proceedings, Royal Dublin Society. 



places, especially in Clare, Kerry, and Limerick, these clays ought 

 to be capable of being worked profitably, the peat of the country 

 being used to burn the bricks, &c. Moreover, in some localities the 

 small coals on the clays, which are now valueless, might be worked 

 as a by-product. 



CORK. 



Tobacco-pipes have been for a long time, and are still, made in 

 Cork city ; formerly some of the clay was brought from the Co . 

 Clare, but now it is all imported from England. 



There was, until a few years ago, bricks and coarse pottery 

 made in Cork, the clay being brought from Youghal. 



Coarse bricks were made at Derrylinn from a local clay, and 

 finer ones at Balvelly (Great Island), also from a local clay. They 

 were somewhat like the Bridgewater bricks, but softer, and after a 

 time threw out a " white salt." At Ballinphealing, near Ballin- 

 hassig, bricks are made. On the Douglas channel, about three 

 miles from Cork, the slob of the estuary is wrought into bricks, 

 which are used in large quantities for stud work. The clay, if 

 washed, will not burn ; but when dried and unwashed it burns into 

 a durable brick; cost, lis. to 14s. per 1000; size,8f x 4 x 2£; weight, 

 4 lbs. Similar clay, got at Ballinalee, three miles from Kinsale, 

 is also used for bricks, 12s. to 14s. per 1000. In the vicinity of 

 Mallow inferior bricks are made from a local clay, 20s. to 35s. 

 per 1000, 9 x 4 x 2\. Near Skibbereen a few bricks are made. 



" In the neighbourhood of Youghal there is, near the surface, a 

 ten-foot-thick bed of very good reddish shaly clay, very smooth 

 and close, but having a slight mixture of sand. This clay is 

 manufactured into bricks and coarse pottery, tiles, draining-pipes, 

 flower-pots, &c. : lately some ornamental flower-pots, of a light-red 

 colour, well shaped and cheap, were made, the material, how- 

 ever, is coarse. The bricks, 9" x 4J" x 2J", are very superior, and 

 formerly were extensively sent to Cork, Waterford, and Dublin. 

 About 2,000,000 of the Youghal bricks were used in roofing the 

 tunnel of the Great Southern and Western Railway as you go into 

 Cork. Best bricks of a fine clear brownish-red, 25s. per 1000, a 

 softer kind of a dull light-red colour, 20s. per 1000." {J. Budd.) 



The Youghal bricks were used in the building of the Tipperary 

 barracks. They are not now in the Dublin market, it is said on 



