Kinahan. — On the Clays of Ireland. 153 



in various places about Dublin, making use of clay raised on the 

 spot. Eegular brick-yards exist at Balbriggan and Ellistown, 

 four miles westward of Lusk. 



Kill-6' -the- Grange. — The pottery and brick-yard at this place 

 is of long standing ; formerly it had an extensive trade in coarse 

 pottery, flooring and roofing-tiles, draining-tiles, chimney-pots, 

 flower-pots, and bricks. Some years ago the bricks, through 

 careless work, got for a time into disrepute, but of late years they 

 have been good, though not equal to those of Kingscourt, Co. 

 Cavan ; size 9 x 4| x 3 ; delivered in Dublin at 44s. per 1000 ; 

 cartage about 10s. per 1000. Leinster Hall, on the site of the 

 Theatre Eoyal, built of them. 



Foxroch, a little more than a mile S.W. of Kill-o'-tke-Grange. 

 — Bricks were made here a few years ago. 



Clondalkin. — The bricks made here are the "old Co. Dublin 

 stock-brick," and are 9 x 4| x 3. They were extensively used 

 formerly; all the old buildings in Dublin and the best old 

 streets were built of them ; price, about 45s. per 1000. The 

 clay was laid out and turned during the winter, and hand-picked, 

 to remove all the lime-gravel. The bricks were principally made 

 at the Fox and Geese, Ashfield, and near Eed Cow. They were 

 formerly made at Cloverhill, ninth Lock, Grand Canal, and are 

 still made by Flood and a few others, but from want of proper 

 care they have much deteriorated in quality ; colour brownish- 

 yellow ; about 350 go to the ton. 



The red bricks to be seen in some of the old mansions, in 

 Eutland-square for instance, were made at Clondalkin; they did 

 not, however, stand the weather, the faces yielding to atmospheric 

 influences. Hence has arisen the custom of "Wigging," or 

 renovating the faces with Venetian red. This custom to a great 

 extent is confined to Dublin, and is not to be approved of, as the 

 brick wall is re-pointed with plaster of Paris, flat pointing being 

 always better than French pointing. 



Eatio.— 1000 Athy stocks equal 2| cubic yards. 1000 Dublin 

 stocks equal 3J cubic yards, both in Flemish (Irish) and English 

 bond. An Irish perch of brickwork is 21 ft. x 12 in. x 9 in. 



[The " Flemish bond " which is that generally used in Ireland, except perhaps in 

 Belfast, consists of headers and stretchers alternating, while the " English bond " is a 

 coarse of headers, then three courses of stretchers, then a course of headers, and so on. 



