80 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXIII. 



passes oflF also ; after the first moult it is present as a crown to the green head, 

 this crown grows smaller and is entirely lost after the final moult. The final 

 skin is identical with that of protractus ; when mixing the two together I 

 have been quite unable to say which was vestalis and which fjroi/'OJCifws." 



Pupa. — The pupa is of the type of Terias Jieeabe or Colotis amata ; but it is 

 rather stout and the head-point or snout is shorter than usual and somewhat 

 bluntly rounded at extremity. The pupa is somewhat distinctly constricted 

 behind the thorax both dorsally and laterally ; the wing edges laterally are 

 also slightly more thickened ; the vertex of head is slightly more inclined in 

 its dorsal line to the longitudinal axis of pupa that segment 2 and the head- 

 snout has its dorsal line nearly parallel to that axis : differing therein 

 from the pupa of amata in which the dorsal line of all three is nearly 

 straight ; the abdomen is shorter comparatively than in amata ; the pupa 

 is thickest in the middle, whereas, in the species just mentioned, the 

 pupa is, if anything, thickest at shoulders ; otherwise the two pupaa 

 are similar as to surface and general appearance — except that, here, 

 the cremaster has the subdorsal ridges more clearly defined, the surface 

 being depressed between them as well as outside them. The colour 

 is a pinkish bone-colour with a darkish dorsal line and some darkish marks 

 on the dorsolateral region of abdomen as well as at the apices of wing-veins. 

 L : 15'5 mm ; B: 4*5 mm. 



Captain Frazer notes that the pupa is " identical with that of protractus, 

 usually flesh-coloured and without markings." 



Habits. — The eggs are laid singly and generally near the base of 

 the plant on old leaves ; otherwise the habits are the same as for 

 amata (except that here the larvas are not gregarious) ; the pnpa is 

 more closely attached to the surface ; the larva is sluggish and 

 generally wanders away from the leaves to pupate. The imaginal 

 habits are much the same as for amata in every way ; the butterflies 

 are fond of the bright sunshine in the mornings from 1 to mid-day 

 and may then be fou.nd in numbers in Sind wherever the foodplant 

 exists. It is commonest in the monsoon months up to the middle 

 of September after which the numbers decrease. The upper or 

 under surfaces of leaves are chosen indifferently for oviposition. 

 Captain F, G. Frazer, I. M. S., says that, in Sind, in the month of 

 July 1910, he took a female amata connected with a male vestalis ; 

 and, a week later, repeated the experience ; and he states that he has 

 caught a female vestalis in which the whole discal areas are suffused 

 with the salmon-buff of ^protractus, as well as a specimen of this 

 latter species in which the whole ground-colour is replaced by the 

 creamy white of vestalis ; these he regards as hybrids. The food- 

 plant of Golotis vestalis is Salvaclora persica and its distribution is 

 Baluchistan, the Punjab, Cutch, Sind, Rajputana, the Central 

 Provinces ; and outside India, the Provinces round the Persian Gulf. 



120. Colotis fausta. — Male, upperside: Salmon-buff, paler in specimens 

 from desert areas, darker in regions where there is a regular though not 

 heavy rainfall. Forewing : base and costal margin irrorated in varying 

 degree with dusky scales ; an oval, annular, discocellular spot that varies in 

 size ; a black, festooned, postdiscal fascia that extends from costa to vein 

 4, beyond which the veins are margined with black ; this fascia broadened 

 subterminally into a second transverse fascia that is followed by a very fine 



