COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS. 91 



marked with green-sepia, there being a blotch on each segment just above 

 the supraspiracular band with a m-inute, black spot beneath : this spot is 

 larger on segment 5 than elsewhere ; a whitish band along the dorsal margin 

 of wing from shoulder to segment 7. This pupa was formed under glass ; 

 formed among leaves it has a more or less strongly green colouration. L : 

 18 mm ; B. S'o mm. at shoulders which is the broadest point ; the height at 

 apex of wingbulge is 4* 5 mm. 



Habits. — The eggs are laid singly on the yoimg shoots, on a flower 

 bud or on the upper or rinderside of a leaf, on a withered stem, 

 twig or stalk, in fact anywhere. The larvEe feed upon the young- 

 parts generally. They rest in the centre of the upperside of a leaf, 

 along the midrib as usual, on a bed of silk ; and will fall to the 

 ground, curled up, when alarmed. The pupation takes place as 

 usual but nearly always on a leaf close to the ground, on the 

 underside;, so that the chrysalis is exposed to the soil or a dead leaf 

 or other light object which probably accounts for the majority of 

 those found being bone-coloured instead of green. The ways of the 

 butterfly are more akin to those of G. dance than to any of the others; 

 it is fairly strong on the wing and rises often a good distance from 

 the ground and will face open spaces with unconcern. Otherwise 

 there is nothing particular about its ways to call for remark; it may 

 be found most plentifully about the foodplants like the others. The 

 caterpillar feeds upon Capers and it has been bred most commonly 

 upon Gadaha indica, Lmk. It, however, eats Gai:)]xi,ris a]jhylla, Eoth. 

 quite readily and probably various other members of the Gapj^aridece . 

 Colotis etrida is distributed throughout India with the exception of 

 Bengal ; also in Baluchistan and Kashmir. It is not found in 

 jungles. 



There is a race, Umhata, Butler, found in Ceylon which is hardly 

 separable from typical etrida. 



121. Coiotis danse. — Male and female: colouration very variable, especially 

 in the female. — Male, iqyj^erside white, hase of wings generally irrorated, but 

 to a varying extent, with black scales. This irroration in many specimens is 

 entirely wanting. Fore wing, with or without a minute, black speck on the 

 discocellulars ; apex broadly carmine, edged internally and externally with 

 black, this black border varies in widths but both inner and outer borders 

 meet on the costa and on the termen ; on the latter they unite and sometimes 

 extend as a black line to the tornus. Hindwing : uniform except for a series* 

 of black, terminal spots which, in some specimens, are comparatively large and 

 connected together by a slender, anteciliary, black line, in others, minute 

 more or less obsolescent, unconnected dots. U7ide):side white. Forewing : base 

 of cell washed with sulphur-yellow ; spot on discocellulars as on upperside ; 

 apical, carmine area of the upperside represented by an ochraceous-pink 

 patch, not margined with black, but similar in shape and position ; in some 

 specimens this is more or less suffused with greyish scales ; in all it is crossed 

 near its inner edge by an obliquely-placed series of four or five spots that 

 vary in colour from pale carmine-ferruginous to black. In some specimens 

 there are two terminal, diffuse, black spots, one each at the ends of veins 2 

 and 3. Hindwing : the ground-colour lightly, often heavily suffused with 

 ochraceous-pink ; sometimes pure white ; a small spot on the discocellulars. 

 pale ferruginous to black, sometimes annular and centred with carmine. 



