COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS. 93 



the larva is tranversely 7-lined on each segment, the lines being parallel, 

 thin-depressed ; the usvial tubercles are present, white, of the same size as 

 those of the head and of the same shape, each bearing an erect, black hair 

 about twice their own length ; the dorsolateral ones rather far apart on each 

 segment, the supraspiracular one being the only one of the spiracular group 

 that is traceable ; besides these tubercles the body is covered with many, 

 still more minute, similar tubercles bearing, each one, a tiny, black, erect 

 hair ; on the belly, where the tubercles also exist, the hairs are white ; each 

 of the larger tubercle-hairs — the subdorsal, dorsolateral and supraspiracular 

 ones that is — bears at each point a globular drop of clear fluid. The colour 

 is generally glaucous green with many indistinct whitish spots or short lines 

 one on each side of each minute tubercle or hair, the length of the line being- 

 limited by the breadth of the transverse ridge along which these hairs are 

 arranged ; there is a white spiracular broad line, on which the spiracles are 

 situated, from the head to the end of anal flap and along its hinder margin 

 which may be bordered above by plum-colour or brown-orange ; the true legs 

 and prolegs are glaucous green, the feet lobed (semicircular) with brown 

 booklets. The anal flap is trapeze-shaped in outline, the hinder margin not 

 very much shorter than the anterior margin, the lateral margins perhaps 

 longest, the dorsal surface very slightly sloping towards the longitudinal 

 axis of larva, the posterior margin very gently concave between its extre- 

 mities, slightly thickened. Spiracles rather large perhaps, shiny-greyish with 

 very thin brown margins, rather broadly oval, slightly raised ; those of the 

 segment 2, segment 12 and, curiously enough, also segment lllarger than the 

 rest. L : up to 20mm. ; B : 3'5mm. 



Fupa — {vide fig. in margin) — The pupa of this species is stout, with a 

 short, thickly conical snout or head-cone — it can 

 hardly here be called a snout — which is not as 

 broad at base as the pupa at eyes; it has a prominent 

 ventral wing-bulge of which the length from top of 

 snout (quite straight) to its apex is 11mm, the length 

 from apex to where it ends at segment-margin 8/9 

 is 4mm, the height from apex to dorsum of pupa is 

 6'5mm ; the thorax is moderately humped and the 

 line of dorsum of abdomen, if continued through 

 the anterior segments forwards, would pass through 

 the shoulders and out through the eyes, so that the 

 part of pupa embracing segments 1-4 is slightly 

 inclined up (dorsal) to the abdominal part ; the 

 snout is 1mm long by the same breadth at base ;in 

 fact, an equilateral triangle or cone ; the breadth 

 of the pupa at eyes where it suddenly widens 

 from base of snout is 2-5mm whence backwards 

 it increases very little in breadth for the 

 X 2 short distance to shoulders where, suddenly, the 



breadth becomes 4'5 mm, gently decreasing backwards to the very slight 

 constriction where the body-loop passes over the posterior portion of segment 

 5 ; thence to cremaster the lateral outline converges gently at first, then 

 more rapidly, to end in the trapeze-shaped, laterally thick-margined, 

 cremastral piece with a moderately gently concave posterior margin, and 

 subdorsal ridges starting from the hinder corners, converging forwards, but 

 separated considerably at the front margin; the ventral surface shows little 

 of the extensor ridges except their minutely free, blunt extremities forward. 

 The head vertex shows as a narrow band behind the snout ; segment 2 as a 

 broader piece with curved front margin (concavity forward), and both head- 

 vertex and major part of segment 2 have their dorsal line parallel to pupal 



