94 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXIIL 



longitudinal axis : the hinder portion of segment 2 being included in the 

 front slope of thoracic hump, its hinder margin is straight in the dorsal 

 region ; the front slope of thorax is at about 30° to longitudinal axis, 

 ascends to about 2/3 its thoracic length, then, the change being an even curve, 

 descends to front margin of segment 5, segment 4 being included in the 

 posterior slope, which is about the same as the anterior ; the hinder margin of 

 thorax is a gentle curve meeting the wing-line in an open, broadly-curved 

 angle of somewhat less than 90° ; segments 4 and 5 are about the same 

 length, the latter being in the abdominal dorsal straight line ; the segment 

 margins are fairly plainly defined. The spiracles of segment 2 are indicated 

 by a longly oval, smooth surface facing slightly forward, formed by the 

 raising of the front margin of segment 3, and is light green ; the others are 

 oval, perhaps rather large, more or less flush, whitish. The surface of pupa 

 is slightly shiny, somewhat marbled-rugose, slightly tubereulate on thorax, 

 though, even under lens, there are really no prominent parts except a few 

 small tubercles about shoulders ; the head-cone is quite smooth. Colour is 

 green or bone-coloured, according to circumstances ; when the former the 

 marbling-rugoseness is produced by many irregularly disposed lines and 

 dots which appear greenish under lens ; the spot on discocellulars smooth, 

 unlined, conspicuous ; indication of a greenish, dorsal, broad line and black, 

 supraspiracular dot to each segment ; lateral outline-edge from shoulders to 

 abdomen, continued as a spiracular line, vaguely yellow ; cremastral booklets 

 rusty pinkish ; two parallel brownish (whitish in green pupa) f asciee diagonally 

 across wing from middle of costal margin to just before tornus for one, the 

 other parallel, just behind and touching the discocellular spot. When the 

 pupa is green there is sometimes no sign of these transverse fasciae, the whole 

 surface is uniformly of one colour, a rather whitish-green, or, perhaps, a 

 trifle glaucous in shade, with the discocellular spot on the wing ; sometimes 

 the prominent part of shoulder may be light pinkish-brown ; the abdomen 

 marked on segments 9, 10 with a small pinkish-brown patch, which includes 

 the spiracle, and sometimes with a yellowish spiracular band or broad line 

 which starts from the shoulder and runs backwards to meet this patch. L : 15 

 to 16mm ; B : 4"5mm at shoulders, slightly less in middle ; H : at wing-bulge : 

 6"5 mm ; at segment 9 immediately after it : about 4*5 mm or somewhat less. 



Habits. — The egg is laid, never more than one at a time, on an 

 old leaf or its stalk, or sometimes on a convenient dead bit of stuff 

 near by. The little larva when it emerges, is generally found on the 

 underside of an old leaf of which it eats the epidermis, though it 

 will also eat young leaves — there are often very few on the plant. 

 As the caterpillar becomes bigger it sometimes lies in the middle of 

 a leaf, like any other pierine larva, though it is generally found 

 feeding stretched along the edge ; it does not fall to the ground when 

 disturbed quite as readily as that of G. etrida or eucharis. It turns 

 pink before changing to the pupa. The pupation takes place from 

 the underside of an old leaf near the ground as a rule, or from a 

 stalk or twig, often the loose body-band breaks and it depends from 

 the tail-fixing only which however is so strong that the pupa stands 

 straight out from the surface even when that surface is perpendi- 

 cular, though the favourite position is from a horizontal surface 

 The growth of the larva is rapid, the duration of the pupal stage 

 about a week ; the butterfly emerges generally in the early morning 

 and flies as soon as ever the sun shows though it is most active in 



