100 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXIII. 



double as broad as tbey are themselves. The surface of the egg is shiny and 

 the bottoms of the intervals are quite smooth, not cross-rayed. The colour 

 is whitish when first layed, later with four, faded-rose coloured bands, paral- 

 lel to each other, the first just below the apex, the fourth at a distance of 1/4 

 the height of egg from base. H : nearly 2mm.; B : 0'6mm. 



Larva. — The larva is very similar to that of P. pingasa described below, 

 the points of anal segment perhaps slightly less developed, the brown pat- 

 ches on the spiracular area of segments 5 and 12 in that species wanting 

 here ; on the whole the larva is less marked than in that species. The 1st 

 stage, immediately after it emerges from the egg is as follows : — Shape sub- 

 cylindrical, thickest in the middle ; thinning slightly to both ends ; the anal 

 segment square, dorsally flattened, with a conical, fleshy, finely-haired pro- 

 cess or point from each hinder angle of flap (extremity of larva), these 

 points being divergent and directed horizontally backwards. Head about 

 the same breadth as segment 2, round in shape, with a triangular ciypeus of 

 ordinary size ; surface shiny, covered with some 40 longish, white, erect hairs; 

 jaws and area about eyes reddish-brown ; colour of head green. Surface of 

 body surface shiny, with three impressed, transverse, parallel lines to each 

 segment ; each segment with the usual tubercles, one subdorsal, one dorso- 

 lateral, one supra-and one subspiracular, rather large, white and covex, 

 each bearing a single, white, fine hair about equal in length to one of 

 the segments ; on segment 13 the arrangement of tubercles is the 

 same as for segments 5-1^ ; segments 3, 4 have them all in a cen- 

 tral row as usual ; segment 2 has a row of 10 hairs along front margin. 

 The spiracles are small, whitish ovals. The colour of larva is green (at the 

 end of first stage ; yellowish immediately on emergence), with a mottling of 

 blackish along the lateral region ; anal points yellowish-fleshy at base ; these 

 points are at this stage as long as one of the segments of the body ; but they 

 decrease in size with each moult. Size of egg-larva at end of 1st stage is 

 L.: 5mm ; B : 0'7mm. 



Pupa. — There is not much by which this can be distinguished from the 

 pupa of P. pingasa which is described in detail below ; in shape and colour 

 and markings they are extremely similar. 



Habits. — The eggs are laid in batches of six and more in number 

 on the upper surface of a leaf, close together though more or less 

 without order. In this N. liiiypia differs from ]3'^ngasa for the latter 

 always lays the eggs singly, never more than one on any one leaf. 

 The habits of the caterpillar and of the imago are very similar to 

 those described under pingasa but the butterfly is found in miTch 

 opener places than this latter species. While ijingasa frequents 

 heavy jungle, lii'piDia is never found there, although there may be 

 but a few miles distance between the two places ; the latter is much 

 more of a sun-loving insect than is pingasa. In the Kanara District, 

 for example, the present species is found all along the bases of the 

 hills not a mile from the sands of the sea-shore where the jungle is 

 scrubby and moderately open, consisting of deciduous trees ; the 

 other does not leave the evergreen, shady jungles a mile or less away, 

 stretching up on to the tops of the hills above to a height of close on 

 2,000 feet, and here, even, it keeps to the cover of the undergrowth. 

 The food-plant of hippia larva is Capparis heyneana, the same as 

 that of the other ; but it is extremely probable that it will eat other 

 Capers also. Pareronia hippia is found nearly throughout Continental 



