102 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXIII. 



like head ; the latter produced out in front into a long snout, circular in 



section, sharp at extremity, much up- 

 ^ curved ; this snout is as long as the head, 



i segment 2 and half of segment 3 together. 



The part of pupa composed of segments 

 5-14 is bent back at right angles to the 

 portion made up of snout and segments 1-4 

 so that the dorsal line of the former portion 

 is at right angles to the dorsal line of the 

 latter (or nearly so), the wings being pro- 

 duced out ventrally into a very prominent 

 bulge or curve, parabolic in shape, the line 

 of junction of the wings rounded, their 

 surfaces flat, the one leg of the parabola 

 Nat. size. being the ventral line of pupa gradually 

 diverging from the longitudinal axis of pupa from front to about opposite 

 segment 7, where is the apex of the bulge, whence the other leg descends 

 again to join the abdominal, ventral line at hinder margin of segment 8 ; 

 thorax broadest at shoulders, whence the pupa is parallel-sided to end of 

 segment 7 ; dorsally the thorax is somewhat humped ; the lateral constric- 

 tion where the body loop passes at segment 5 is slight ; the transverse 

 section of abdomen dorsally is triangular, ventrally is an arc of a circle, so 

 that the dorsal line of it is slightly keeled ; the cremaster is parallel-sided, 

 rather flattened, concave as to hinder margin. Colour of pupa is a dull, 

 light green, somewhat glaucous, darker on wings which have a black, dis- 

 cocellular splash and some small, brown spots ; a dark, dorsal line and a 

 yellow, supraspiracular line ; a black postspiracular spot on each segment, 

 slightly below the spiracle ; a yellow, dorsolateral and subdorsal spot and a 

 large, black mark under the subspiracular spot of segment 8. L : 30 mm. ; 

 B : 6 mm. at shoulders ; H : 13 mm. at apex of wing-bulge ; L. of snout : 5 mm. 



Habits. — Egg alwaj^s laid singly. Larva lives generally abont the 

 stalks when full-grown but rests on the nppersides of leaves in 

 the earlier stages. It covers the leaves, stalks and small twigs 

 of the food-plant with a silvery coating of web which looks like 

 a snail's slime ; eats the leaf on one side of the midrib first, then on 

 the other, leaving the rib intact ; it starts from the base of the leaf 

 and rests along the eaten edge, that is on the midrib and eaten part, 

 and generally finishes off the leaf by eating the softer part, the tip, 

 of the rib itself before betaking itself to a new one. It walks in a 

 slow, halting fashion, eats continuously and wanders often long 

 distances before pupating. The pupa is always attached to the 

 underside of a leaf or thin twig ; it takes about 36 hours from the 

 time the larva has finished suspending itself to the formation of the 

 pupa. The places chosen for deposition of the eggs are always 

 shady, cool and often very close to the ground ; invariably in big 

 jungles, mostly in evergreen parts and over 1,000 feet above sea- 

 level as a rule. More minutely, the position chosen is the upperside 

 of an old leaf, the end of a thorn or a little dry twig. The egg is 

 just like that of hi-pijia. The butterflies are quite strong fliers but 

 keep always to the shade of the underwood and are not often seen in 

 the full glare of the sun or in the open ; they fly straight ahead with 



