602 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXIIl. 



and Marsh-, GameB., ii, p. 183; Bingham, Str. Feath., ix, p. 196; 

 Hume, ihid, p. 208; Oates, B. Btirma., ii, p. 335 ; Hume, Str. Feath., 

 xi, p. 812. 



Vernacular names. — Ngon (^Burmese), Dao-duma gajao (Gachari), 

 Iniruibiima gh^herta (Naga). 



Description, adult male and female. — 



" This is but a little more than a large race of T. tauM, but, 

 besides their greater size, adults are distinguished by being- 

 darker and by retaining a larger amount of black barring on 

 the back; the sides of the crown too are darker. In 

 immature birds the pale edgings to the dorsal feathers are 

 conspicuous." (Blanford.) 

 Goloiirs of the soft parts. — In the male the bill is pale horny 

 brown, with a tinge of yellowish flesh colour or yellowish at the 

 base of the maxilla, and on the mandible, tip and apical half of 

 culmen a darker brown ; legs, feet and claws yellowish, in some 

 cases rather fleshy, and in some a more distinct Chinese yellow. 

 Irides white. 



In the female the bill is paler and more yellow ; according to 

 Hume " lower mandible, gape and base of upper mandible chrome 

 yellow." 



Hume gives the measurements of two birds as follows : — 



" Male. — Length, 6-5" ; expanse, 12-0" ; tail from ^?ent, 1-5"; 

 wing, 3-62"; tarsus, 1-0" ; bill from gape, 0-75"; weight, 

 2-25-oz. 



'^Female. — Leng-th, 7*0" ; expanse, 13-5"; tail from vent, 

 1-5"; wing, 4-12"; tarsus', 1-05" ; bill from gape, 0-75"; 

 weight, 2-75-oz." 

 Oates gives the measurements as being : — 



" Lengt.h, 6-5" ; tail 1-6"; wing, 3-5"; tarsus, 0-9" ; bill 

 from gape, 0"75'' ; the female is much larger, the wing 

 reaching to nearly 4<" in length." 

 I have now examined a comparatively large series of this sub- 

 species, including 21 males and 25 females in the British Museum 

 Collection, and I cannot find that any of the alleged differences in 

 colouration between tanlii and hlanfordi mentioned by Blanford 

 hold good. 



It is quite true that as a body the Eastern form is darker than 

 the Western, but individuals can be obtained in either sub-species 

 to agree with specimens in the other. 



There is, however, so great a difference in the size of the two 

 birds that this is quite sufficient in itself to constitute the Eastern 

 and Western forms as good sub-species. 



The average length of wing in T. t. tanhi is 3-43" (=87"lmm.) 

 whereas in T. t. hlanfordi the same average measurement is no less 

 than 3-93" (=99-8mm.), a full half inch difference. The same 



