The Ferns of Washington 69 



1. Lycopodium selago L. (Plate 1, Fig. 1.) 



Fir Club-moss. 



Stems 3-8 in. high, thick, rigid, erect, 2-5 times forked, 

 the branches forming a level-topped cluster. Leaves 

 crowded, all alike, ascending, linear to acuminate, entire, 

 the upper mostly 8-ranked and sterile, those below bear- 

 ing the small sporangia in their axils, those of lower half 

 of the stem again sterile. Plant propagated also by bud- 

 like organs which have a lower pointed bract and two or 

 three fleshy and obovate ones. — On rocks. Alaska to 

 Labrador; south to Washington, Michigan and Carolina; 

 Europe; Asia. 



2. Lycopodium luciduli m Michx. (Plate 1, Fig. 2.) 



Shining Club-moss. 



Old stems covered by debris, forked into branches 

 which again fork every one to several years. Leaves 

 dense, widely spreading or reflexed, dark green, shining, 

 lanceolate, acute, minutely toothed, all alike. Sporangia 

 in axils of leaves near stem-tip, often persisting for several 

 years, kidney-shaped. Plant often also reproduced by 

 gemmae or buds. — British Columbia and New Bruns- 

 wick, south to Washington, Iowa and North Carolina. 



3. Lycopodium complanattm L. (Plate 2, Fig. 1.) 



Ground Pine. 



Stems creeping on or below the surface; branches erect, 

 fan-shaped, 4-12 in. high, several-forked above; branch- 

 lets crowded, flattened. Leaves minute, imbricate to 

 appressed, 4-ranked, lateral rows with somewhat spread- 

 ing tips, upper row closely appressed, lower row short 

 and pointed. Cones 2-4 in a cluster, on a long slender 



pedicel arising from end of a branch. Spore-leaves 

 broadly ovate, acuminate, their margin pale and irregular. 

 Sporangia transversely oval, deeply splitting. — Alaska to 



