AND GENERA OF PLANTS. 349 
BALSAMORHIZA. (Hooker, under Hetiopsis.) 
Capitulum many-flowered, heterogamous; rays feminine, ligulate, in one series, 
with infertile filaments of stamens; discal florets hermaphrodite, tubular, the 
summit five-cleft, reflected. Involucrum imbricate in_two or three series, 
foliaceous, longer than the disk. Receptacle convex, the palea lanceolate, 
foliaceous, pungently acute, subcarinate, and embracing the fruit. Ache- 
nium subquadrangular, in the ray compressed, smooth, wholly naked, with 
a small epigynous disk. Stigmas filiform, hirsute, subobtuse —Low, robust, 
perennial herbs of the western alpine steppes, and plains of Oregon and Cali- 
fornia. Leaves entire, or pinnately dissected, nearly all radical. Stems 
scapoid, one or few-flowered, the lower pair of small leaves opposite; above 
alternate; capituli wholly yellow, resembling that of Helianthus. Nearly 
allied to Heliopsis, but without proper stems, and wholly dissimilar in habit. 
Root fusiform, stout, black, and very long, terebinthine, internally darkish. 
Used by the aborigines of the west as an article of diet, after subterraneous 
stoving, when it acquires a sweet flavor, like that of the parsnip. 
§ I. EvpatsaMoruiza.—Leaves pinnatifid, scapes or stems one-flowered; rays 
ten to fourteen. 
Balsamorhiza Hookerii; softly and almost sericeously pubescent; leaves more 
or less bipinnatifid and incise, segments linear; involucrum subtriserial; sepals 
narrow-lanceolate, acuminate, loosely imbricate, external ones spreading. He- 
liopsis balsamorhiza; Hooker, Flor. Bor. Am., p. 310. 
Has. Plains of the Oregon, common. ‘Twelve to eighteen inctiel high. Summit of the cylin- 
dric, naked tap-root surrounded by long, brown, membranous bud sheathes. The root, when cut, 
exuding drops of a very limpid resin. : 
Balsamorhiza terebinthacea. Heliopsis terebinthacea; Hoox. Flor. Bor. Am., 
p. 310. With this, if more.than a variety of the preceding, I am unacquainted. 
The leaves of the preceding vary sufficiently. 
Balsamorhiza * hirsuta; somewhat hirsute, not canescent; leaves all bipinna- 
tifid, except at thé summit; segments oblong, incise, margin very scabrous; 
vil.—4 N 
