646 ABSTRACTS 



Wyandotte, Paola, Ossawatoniie, Fulton, lola, Humboldt, Cherry- 

 ville, Neodesha, Independence and Coffeyville, and has been obtained 

 in more limited quantities at Fort Scott, Girard, Pittsburg and else- 

 where. Oil is obtained in considerable quantities at Peru, Neodesha, 

 Thayer, Independence, Ossawatomie and elsewhere. Quite flattering 

 results were being obtained by prospectors in the early months of the 

 present year when the report went to press. The field, as now out- 

 lined, includes 8500 square miles and is approximately bounded as 

 follows : From Kansas City draw a line to Lawrence and from the 

 latter point continue it through to Sedan in Chautauqua county. With 

 the exception of about 500 square miles in the southeast, the area 

 included is all within the field ; not a single county within these limits 

 having failed to produce oil or gas or both. Nine-tenths of the flow 

 has come from the sandstones found in the Cherokee shales, though 

 each of the shale beds from the Mississippian to the Lane shales has 

 proven more or less productive. The flows are not exceptionally 

 heavy, though there are strong wells at Neodesha and the Palmer well 

 at lola yields seven million cubic feet of gas per day. But few paying 

 wells are known which are more than 900 feet deep and many good 

 wells are less than 600. The details of the anticlinals and synclinals 

 present in the field are too imperfectly known to allow any general 

 conclusions as to their influence to be drawn. The Paola well is in one 

 of the greatest synclinals present in the state. In general, structure 

 seems to have had but slight influence upon the collection of the gas, 

 texture being far more potent. The gas and oil are of organic and 

 probably vegetable origin. They are derived from the bituminous 

 ■shales and collected in the more porous intercalated sand beds. Prob- 

 ably this accounts for the fact that they are more uniformly dissemi- 

 nated in the Kansas field than in any other yet developed in America. 

 Dr. Haworth thinks there is good reason for hoping that the oil and 

 gas industry of the state will ultimately assume considerable propor- 

 tions even compared with the same industry in the eastern states. 



H. F. B. 



Till fragan oni lonimalerans alder (Concerning the Age of the Lomma 

 clay). Af Gerard de Geer. Sveriges geologiska undersokning, 

 Afhandlingar och uppsatser, no. 155; Stockholm, 1895. 

 The author replies to the arguments put forth by Hoist and Moberg 



against evidence for interglacial deposits in Sweden. He calls atten- 



