798 ROLLIN D. SALISBURY 



The phenomena shown on the ice-cap east of Gable glacier 

 were shown to a less extent at various other points along the 

 edge of the ice-cap in the vicinity of Inglefield Gulf, but best 

 of all in the vicinity of Uminooi, latitude 76° 30' (approx- 

 imately). Here the edge of the main ice-cap was seen where 

 there were eight of these marginal ridges of drift on the ice, 

 sometimes separated by intervals of twenty or thirty rods, some- 

 times closely approaching each other. They were all gathered 

 within a narrow marginal zone, the inner edge of which was not 

 more than half a mile from the edge of the ice. The higher 

 the angle of slope of the ice, the more closely did the belts of 

 drift approach each other ; the gentler the slope, the more widely 

 were they separated. As in the locality north of Inglefield 

 Gulf, each of these belts of drift was exceedingly irregular, 

 being made up of a succession of hillocks, and short, or some- 

 times rather long, ridges, between which were depressions. 

 Three of the depressions seen in this locality contained ponds 

 or lakelets, one of which was fully 200 yards across. The exist- 

 ence of ponds in the depressions in the surface of the superglacial 

 drift tended still further to emphasize the likeness of its topog- 

 raphy to the topography of terminal moraines. 



In this locality a single superglacial stream was found cut- 

 ting through some of the belts of drift in such wise as to expose 

 a shallow, though otherwise perfect section of the upper part of 

 the ice below one 01 the belts of drift. The phenomena 

 shown in the sides of the the little gorge are illustrated by the 

 accompanying diagram (Fig. 28). The layers of ice beneath 

 the drift turned up abruptly. In their upturning and movement 

 they had brought debris to the surface, and as the ice melted 

 this debris had accumulated on the surface, forming a ridge of 

 drift. This ridge of drift had protected the ice beneath from 

 melting, so that the upturned layers of ice, apart from the drift, 

 constituted a diminutive ridge. That there was upward move- 

 ment of the highly inclined layers seemed certain, not only from 

 the relations of the debris, but from the bending of the adjacent 

 horizontal layers. 



