116 Ge SES Se PIII OLS 
subcuneatus, etc. The major portion of the series proved obsti- 
nately barren. At the top of this division there are found 
in the most widely distant parts of the territory enormous 
deposits of gypsum and salt. In fact the presence of salines 
may be said to characterize the series, but especially at the pas- 
sage from the red into the chocolate beds above it. The choco- 
late series has a thickness of at least 600 feet and passes through 
quartzites and gray and red sandstone layers into the loose ver- 
milion marls and clays of the upper division. So far, we have 
no positive evidence as to the age of the two upper divisions, but 
may presume the chocolate beds to be Triassic and the vermilion 
division to represent whatever of Jurassic time is accounted for 
in the territory or at least in the central portion.” 
South of the Manzano range the continuity of the uplift is 
broken so that in the Fra Cristobal and Caballo mountains near 
the Rio Grande and in the Oscuro range farther east the dip is, 
- as in the Sandias and Manzanos, to the east while in the San 
Andreas, occupying an intermediate position farther south, the 
dip is to the west so that the high escarpment with its granite 
and schistose base faces the great salt plain. 
In the interval between the range bordering the river and the 
Oscuro Mountains we have abundant evidence of the existence 
of the Cretaceous with its lignitic coals and it may be assumed 
that the Cretaceous also extends southward on the west side of 
the San Andreas, though nowhere exposed in the Jornardo del 
Muerto. Passing eastward lower horizons gradually emerge till, 
as we enter the interval between the north end of the Andreas 
and the south end of the Oscuros, the red beds are seen in the 
form of low hills with a dip to the east at the western foot of the 
Oscuros. Underneath is a part of the Permo-carboniferous. It 
appears, therefore, that the Oscuro range is separated by a fault 
line from the axis of the Andreas. On the west side of the San 
Andreas the red beds are represented as is shown by the exten- 
sive deposits of calcium anhydride in the foothills. 
‘It will be remembered that Professor Cope in 1875 identified part of this series 
as Triassic and that Dr. Newberry described Triassic plants from New Mexico. 
