156 H. F. REID 
traces of a glacial period on Kilimanjaro, which confirms similar 
observations of Gregory further north on Kenia." 
Caucasus.— The glaciers in the neighborhood of Mt. Elbruz 
are retreating at the rate of eight or ten meters a year, with the 
exception of the Adyl, which has advanced six or seven meters 
between 1897 and 1808.? 
REPORT ON THE GLACIERS OF THE UNITED STATES FOR 18903 
Montana.— Sperry glacier, discovered a few years ago, is 
retreating —(L. B. Sperry). 
Mt. Adams, Wash.— This volcanic peak, like the others of this 
region, has a number of glaciers streaming down its sides. The 
White Salmon and the Mazama, respectively, on the southwestern 
and southern slopes of the mountain, are broad and compara- 
tively short masses of ice. Each divides into two tongues. The 
‘White Salmon is largely covered with débris, while the surface 
of the Mazama is clean to its ends, though it has a large lateral 
moraine. The causes of these differences do not appear. 
On the eastern side of the mountain are the Klickitat and 
Rusk glaciers, both of which lie in deep canyons. They are two 
or three miles long, the latter being the shorter. The Klickitat 
is connected with the ice-cap of the mountain through three 
couloirs, and is also nourished by ice avalanches which fall down 
the great precipice which characterizes the eastern side of the 
mountain. The Rusk derives all its material from avalanches. 
Neither are free of moraines. The other slopes of the mountain 
are not cut into ravines and the glaciers on the northern side, 
probably four in number, are not very distinctly separated from 
each other; they are also thoroughly covered with débris, so 
that they could not be readily distinguished from a distance. 
The Klickitat glacier was retreating in 1890 (C. Z. Rusk), but 
no information is available regarding the variations of the others.‘ 
tReport of Mr. Norman Collie. ? Report of Mr. Mouchketow. 
3 A synopsis of his report will appear in the Fifth Annual Report of the Inter- 
national Committee. The report on the glaciers of the United States for 1898 was 
given in this JOURNAL, Vol. VII, pp. 221-225. 
4The account of these glaciers is taken from descriptions by Professor W. D. 
Lyman and Mr. C. E. Rusk in the Mazama Magazine, Vol. I, and from a special com- 
munication from Mr. Rusk. 
