290 REVIEWS 
ways were at different levels for the different lakes and as the ice front 
drew back to the northeast, the several local lakes coalesced into fewer 
larger bodies of water and the higher outlets were abandoned in suc- 
cession until finally there was but one body of water, Lake Newberry, 
with a single outlet to the southward. This outlet was finally 
abandoned when the waters of Lake Newberry fell to the level of and 
coalesced with those of Lake Warren. At last the opening of the St. 
Lawrence and the lowering of the Lake Iroquois left the waters of the 
present Finger Lakes in the old valleys, held back by drift barriers. 
The evidence for this sequence of events, which the author traces with 
much detail, is found largely in the high level delta deposits made by 
the tributary streams in the temporary glacial lakes at the levels of the 
southern outlets which mark the successive stages of water levels. Dr. 
Watson’s map of the temporary, local, glacial lakes of the Finger Lakes 
region suggests that under similar relations of ice front to topographic 
form, such as undoubtedly prevailed farther westward in New York and 
through northern Ohio, the results of glacial action would be much 
the same and that if we are to arrive at a correct interpretation of the 
sequence of events during the Pleistocene it will be through the detailed 
study of many limited areas in the careful painstaking manner shown 
by the work of Dr. Watson. Such work cannot be too highly com- 
mended. WaorGe I, 
Twentieth Annual Report of the U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral 
Resources of the United States, 1898. Washington, D. C. 
616 and 804 pages. 
The annual report on the mineral resources for 1898 like its pre- 
decessors contains much valuable statistical and descriptive matter on 
the different mineral products of the United States. The data in the 
present report have been brought up to the close of 1898 and, as has been 
customary since 1894, when this publication was first made a part of 
the annual report, along with the statistical matter there is included 
valuable information on the industrial uses, improvements on ore 
reduction, new developments, distribution. of ores, chemical analyses, 
and other data concerning the different products. The statistics on 
some of the products are given in great detail, thus nearly one hundred 
pages are devoted to a discussion of the iron ores and the American 
and foreign iron trade, which is not an undue proportion of space 
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