KINDERHOOK STRATIGRAPHY a2 
The Chouteau limestone, which finds its typical development 
in central Missouri, appears to be well represented, in the north- 
eastern part of the state where the typical Kinderhook is shown, 
by 10 feet or more of massive earthy limestone, that is fine 
grained and contains comparatively few fossils. It is sufficiently 
distinctive in lithological characters to be readily recognizable 
in deep-well drillings. At Keokuk, it is over 20 feet thick, and 
at Burlington, if we consider the interval between the Chono- 
pectus sandstone and the Burlington limestone as representing 
it, about 30 feet thick. In central Iowa it is believed to be 
represented by the LeGrand limestone, and is over 100 feet thick, 
there being about the same development as in central Missouri. 
The lithologic features at Burlington, while differing from 
those farther south and at the type locality in central Missouri, 
correspond very closely with the characters presented northward. 
At Burlington, also, it is still chiefly limestone. Here it consists 
of a thin basal coralline zone, the Productal limestone, the Spirifer 
sandstone, the Gyroceras oolite and the brown Rhodocrinus 
limestone. These, however, are local collectors’ names, and it is 
not known how far these distinctions should be really recognized, 
Independent of the purely stratigraphical characters of the 
Kinderhook, as exposed along the Mississippi River, there are 
certain faunal features of the formation that are not without 
interest. Until now, all correlations of the Kinderhook beds 
have had to be inferred from imperfect fossil data. Moreover, 
the information has been so inexact for present requirements, 
that the fossils have to be studied largely anew in order to find 
out in just what layers the various forms occur. Only in this 
way can useful and exact comparisons of the faunas be made. 
Already Weller has begun, along the lines indicated, a series 
of ‘Kinderhook Faunal Studies.’’ Judging from the two install- 
ments already issued it is expected that there will soon be avail- 
able much of the long desired information concerning the exact 
stratigraphic range of the fossils, and the relationships of the 
various biotic groups. 
CHARLES R. KEYES. 
