544 HENRY B. KUMMEL 
Stockton area, where the upper layers are exposed in numerous 
quarries near the village of Stockton; (2) the area north of 
Flemington. 
In the Stockton area the upper limit of the series extends 
along the crest of the escarpment of the Hunterdon plateau, the 
steep slope being formed by the upper beds of Stockton series 
which are here predominantly red shales, with an occasional 
sandy layer. Northeastward this belt is terminated by a great 
fault which crosses the beds obliquely so that the belt becomes 
narrower and finally pinches out a few miles southwest of Flem- 
ington. Within this area the more massive conglomeratic beds 
form three broad low ridges, each of which terminates somewhat 
abruptly at the fault. 
An important modification was found in the character of this 
series within the area north of Flemington. Where the rocks 
first occur near Flemington, they consist of coarse arkose sand- 
stones and red shales. The transition here to the overlying series 
is through sandy shales similar in texture and thickness to the 
uppermost layers northwest of Stockton. As the northwestern 
border of the formation is approached the arkose conglomerate 
and sandstones give place to red shale beds or sandstones and 
conglomerates of a different type. For a distance of four miles 
southeast of Clinton the basal beds of the formation rest uncon- 
formably upon Silurian shales, limestones, and still older quartz- 
ite and gneiss. Material from these formations has determined 
the local character of the Newark beds. In place of the free- 
splitting brown and red sandstones, there occur coarser beds 
made up largely of thin bits of shale, and small quartzite pebbles. 
Although the Stockton beds rest in part upon the limestone and 
gneiss, these rocks occur but rarely in this part of the newer 
formation. Their comparative absence has not been satisfactorily 
explained. 
Lockatong series—Above the Stockton beds there is a series 
of hard, dark-colored shales and flagstones, which I have called 
the Lockatong beds from the name of the creek in Hunterdon 
county, along which they are best exposed. They consist of 
