832 G. H. SQUIER 
the river the ridge also descends until it becomes merged witha 
bowlder bed which spreads out laterally to a moderate extent. 
Along the river front, this is cut into by the railroad excavation. 
The deposits are characterized throughout by the large average 
size of the material (equaling in this respect the ridge a, sec. 1) 
and by the abundance of limestone which forms masses at least 
as large as any. A smaller bowlder ridge can be seen on the 
east side after it leaves the hills. 
Section 5 is made where the valley is still confined by the 
hill on the east. . 
Another valley, about the size and character of the last, 
descends from the eastern side of the same bluff and debouches 
into the center of Trempealeau village. In this case, also, a 
ridge extends across a sandstone table on one side, from the 
point where the valley leaves the hills. On the other side the 
valley skirts the foot of one of the main bluffs where the slope 
is gentle and the sides thickly covered with loess. A deep 
excavation has been made into this hillside for street construc- 
tion. It shows the bowlder bed extending under the loess for 
a short distance, then suddenly rising into a ridge and as sud- 
denly falling off. There appears to be a transverse ridge about 
where the line of section (sec. 6) runs, but it is not well defined. 
It is a difficult section to show. 
In this valley the torrent course, after cutting through from 
forty to fifty feet of loess, has cut in places fifteen or twenty 
feet into the bowlder beds, thus giving opportunity for the study 
of the internal structure not elsewhere obtained. As, however, 
the section is not fresh it is only by much labor that it can be 
made available. It shows the bowlder beds alternating with 
beds of clay similar in appearance to the loess. Near the lower 
end of the ravine two bowlder beds occur above the bottom of 
the ravine and a hole seven feet deep in the bottom of the ravine 
struck the top of a third. 
The thickness of a single bed ranges from about six to ten 
feet, varying considerably at different points. Roughly speak- 
ing the clay partings have about the same thickness as the bowl- 
