56 Scientific Proceedings, Royal Dublin Society. 
compared with several crania of Ursus arctos, including the 
Himalayan variety (U: Isabellinus) and two crania of Ursus 
ferox, together with the other Irish skulls and specimens of 
Ursus fossilis, this cranium agrees more closely with the Irish 
skulls and U. ferox and U. fossilis than with U. arctos, 
especially the above variety from which it differs in many little 
details. The more recent age of the specimen, as indicated by its 
dark colour and the uncertainty of the Brown Bear having been 
a native of Ireland might require this specimen to stand as a 
doubtful species; at the same time I think the bulk of the 
evidence points to its relation with the other Ivish crania and 
with U. fossilis. 
V. URSINE REMAINS FROM WATERFORD. 
T have enumerated the entire ursine remains from the locality 
here referred to* and will only now revert to particulars of 
interest in relation to their affinities with the foregoing. Among 
the exuvize from Shandon Cave, near Dungarvan, were remains 
of bears, including the greater portion of one individual, and the 
fragment of a mandible of another. All are contained in the 
Museum of Science and Art. 
The cranium is very imperfect, retaining only a few measure- 
ments of importance. It is represented as well as the portion of 
a lower jaw in Dr. Carte’s memoir. 
The measurements in the Table show that the cranium was 
that of a bear of about the dimensions of the Kildare specimen. 
The teeth are very much worn, and seem to indicate that the 
owner died of old age, and from their dimensions I suppose it 
may have been a female. The ultimate pre-molar of the 
maxilla is distinctly bitubercular, the same tooth in the mandible 
being represented by stumps or fangs, the crown having been 
worn away. The dimensions of the three ultimate teeth of the 
maxilla will be seen by their Odontogram, Fig. 3, to come very close 
to those of the 1st and 2nd molars of the Ursus ferox, 
* Trans. Royal Irish Acad. Vol. xxv i. p. 225. 
+ Journal Royal Dublin Society, Vol. ii. Plates xi. and xii. 
