142 Scientific Proceedings, Royal Dublin Society. 
Limestone in the central plain and in the Cos. Galway and Mayo 
(except near Ballaghaderreen) graduate horizontally into lime- 
stones, sometimes of Burren or Upper Limestone type, and, are in 
reality but shore beds formed by the Carboniferous sea, as ex- 
plained in my book already referred to. Moreover in the N. 
part of the Co. Dublin conglomerates oceur close under the base 
of the Coal Measures; while in the rest of Dublin, Kildare, and 
Carlow small patches of red conglomerate have been discovered 
seemingly on different geological horizons. These likewise 
appear to have been only “shore-beds” margining ancient lands, 
And, even more than this, in the Ballycastle Coal-field, in the 
N.E. of Antrim, “Old Red Sandstone” (shore beds) occur inter- 
stratified with the Coal-bearing Calp. 
This is also the case near Draperstown, Co. Derry, where the 
Calp is very similar to that of Antrim, except that no workable 
coal has been found therein. In Armagh the “Old Red Sand- 
stone” is interstratified with the Burren limestone. The last 
three localities correspond in this respect that in the rocks associ- 
ated with their Old Red Sandstone are found fish remains more 
or less similar among themselves, as also to the fish remains in the 
Burdie House limestone, Scotland. The sections in Plate 7 show 
the relations of the different limestones to their “ Old Red Sand- 
stones’ in various places in Ireland. 
We have probably now said enough to show that, certainly in 
Ireland at least the title “Old Red Sandstone” should not be 
applied to any series of rocks, as. indicative that they constitute 
a distinct formation. I am glad to be able to state that this con- 
clusion is fortified by the opinion of Dr. Haughton, who so far 
back as the year 1863, stigmatized the Old Red Sandstone as a 
“phantom formation.” 
