432 Scientific Proceedings, Royal Dublin Society. 
temperature is equal to that of Central Spain. An example perhaps 
more to the purpose is found in Thibet where all the conditions 
under which such a deposit as that we are considering might be 
produced, exist. The winter temperature of Thibet is as low as that 
of the Black Sea, the country lying between the January Isothermals 
of 23° and 41° F. while in summer the temperature is equal to that of 
Sierra Leone, Ceylon and Southern India the July Isothermals being 
between 77° and 81° F.” 
For a longtime these views did not meet with general acceptance 
and like some others of my colleagues, I attempted shortly after 
reaching India to offer an explanation* which did not employ ice 
as an agent in the transport of the boulders; but the discoveries 
subsequently made and which I am about to describe have com- 
pelled me to make a public recantation of this heresy and to ac- 
knowledge that the original theory is the only one capable of 
explaining the facts. 
The progress of the Survey has served to render it possible to 
indicate closely the limits within which the deposit occurs; but 
it will be sufficient for present purposes to say that the area lies 
within the 77° and 88° Meridians of East Longitude, and the 
16° 30° and 25° of North Latitude—thus occupying the central and 
most elevated part of the northern half of the Peninsula. Through- 
out this wide tract the beds occur scattered about but present 
a wonderful uniformity of appearance, the original lithological 
description being applicable tothe rocksatthe most distant localities, 
In the year 1872 Mr. Fedden when examining the valley of the 
Pem River ten miles W.S.W. of Chanda discoveredt a boulder 
bed resting upon a compact Vindhyan Limestone which where it 
was exposed, for a distance of about 330 yards, displayed a polished, 
grooved and scratched surface which it was incontestibly 
ascertained was not only not of modern origin but was, where 
uncovered, just becoming obliterated. Among the boulders one 
about two feet in diameter consisted of a hard, dense, close 
grained syenitic granite and had one of its sides beautifully 
polished and scored and striated} This specimen is now in the 
Geological Museum at Calcutta. 
* Vide Mem. Geol. Sur, India, Vol. VL, p. 116, note. 
+ Records Geol. Surv. of India, Vol. VIII., p. 16. 
t These appearances were accepted I believe by Mr. Campbell, Author of “ Frost and 
Fire,” during his visit to India, as distinct indications of Glaciation. 
