Physical Geology of the Dingle and Iveragh Promontories. 591 
Irish Survey. I should, therefore, apologise to my friends of that 
Survey for offering a few observations upon the points referred 
to, in an imperfect form ; partly the result of isolation from means 
of reference, partly that of the difficulty one finds in recalling 
with accuracy field observations in this district, made, some of 
them, nearly a quarter of a century ago. 
From the time of my earliest acquaintance with this region it 
was understood that the softer and coarser type of the Old Red 
Sandstone (Lower Carboniferous), such as that of Brandon Head 
and the Three Sisters, was not present in the Iveragh promontory 
or southwards, but the next higher group, the Yellow Sandstone, 
was recognised, and a certain upper band of brighter red colour 
than usual among the Glengariff grit series, was sometimes 
thought to be on the horizon of the so-called Old Red Sandstone 
of the Dingle country. The Dingle-Glengariff series was even 
in those days regarded as the same in both promontories. 
Further, if memory does not fail me, there was reason to 
believe that a perfect transition existed from the redder beds just 
mentioned, through the Yellow Sandstone into the Carboniferous 
Slate or Lower Limestone Shale. 
The uniform character of the contact between the Lower 
Carboniferous and the older series over the whole region, shows 
that both must have been laid down with almost absolute 
parallelism, and if there is a total discordance this must be an 
instance of its occurrence, without any degree of disturbance of 
. the older beds or any evidence that the newer were formed 
derivatively from these. 
The apparent obliquity of the contact figured by Professor Hull 
(though admitted to be exaggerated in his figure), is in its seeming 
discordance greatly exceeded by that of consecutive deposition 
planes shown by Du Noyer to be merely a case of oblique 
lamination on a huge scale within the beds, near Ventry Harbour 
on the south side of the Dingle Peninsula. 
If such obliquity of contact existed as a rule, between the 
Dingle-Glengariff series of Iveragh and the Carboniferous beds, 
it would be presumably as plainly traceable along the surface as 
in depth, in some parts of this disturbed region ; for the axes of 
the folds are not always parallel to the horizon, nor are these 
folds always equally compressed. Assuming the floor which 
