me S. F. EMMONS 
tained in the specimens (eight in number) that he examined is 
of secondary formation and not placer gold, for the following 
reasons: 
1. It occurs either in microscopic crystals or in aggregates 
of angular form. Rounded and polished grains are altogether 
wanting. 
2. It is not observed as inclusions in the quartz pebbles, but 
is confined to shattered zones and fissures filled with secondary 
quartz. 
3. In the matrix, the gold is aggregated with pyrite grains, 
for the most part forming deposits on the outside of them, filling 
cracks and bays in them, and sometimes nearly enclosing them. 
It is noticeable, moreover, that the gold is connected only with 
grains of pyrite that have been separated from their matrix. 
The pyrite that is still enclosed in quartz pebbles is free from 
gold. 
In conclusion he says: ‘‘ Whether the above observations on 
the occurrence of native gold can be considered of universal 
application, or whether they only fit local phenomena must 
remain undecided for the present and can only be finally deter- 
mined by the investigation of more extensive and complete 
material than was submitted to me.” 
Pelikan, on the other hand, from the examination of five speci- 
mens from, in part, the same mines, brought back to Vienna by 
Professor Suess, comes to a different conclusion with regard to 
the origin of the gold, though confirming the correctness of 
Koch’s observations in every other respect. His reasons are 
not so clearly or definitely stated as those of Koch, but seem to 
be mainly the following: 
1. The nature of the pebbles indicates that they came from 
quartz veins; they have the same colors as are described for the 
vein quartz of the Swasi-schists. 
2. The form of the gold—in grains (Korner) and in flakes 
(Flittern)—as well as its distribution in the rock, indicates its. 
foreign origin. 
3. As regards the critical question whether gold occurs in the 
