118 REVIEWS 
Clarke have arrived during their prolonged study of this important 
group of fossils. 
Descriptions of New Species Figured in Vol. VIIL., Part IT. 
Platycnemic Man in New York. By W. Hl. Sherzer. 
A Discussion of the Different Genera of Fenestelide. By G. B. 
Simpson. 
Glossary and Explanations of Specific Names of Lryozoa and Corals 
Described tn Volume VI. Paleontology of New York and Other Reports. 
By G. B. Simpson. 
The last paper in the report is, 42 Lntroduction to the Study of the 
Brachiopoda, Intended as a Handbook for the Use of Students. Part Il. 
By James Hall, assisted by John M. Clarke. Part I. of this handbook 
was published in the eleventh annual report of the state geologist. 
Part II. contains generic descriptions and illustrations of the articulate 
brachiopoda formerly known as the Speriferide, Terebratulide, Rhyn- 
chonellide and Pentameride. A new classification has been adopted 
by the authors, but most unfortunately the genera are not arranged in 
the body of the work in accordance with the Zadle of Classification 
given at the end. The grouping of the genera into families is not 
indicated in the text, and in some cases genera placed in the same 
family in the Zadle of Classification are widely separated in the text. 
As in Part I. so in this second part, the most striking feature of 
the work is the multiplication of generic terms. This breaking up of 
large, loosely defined generic groups into smaller, sharply defined 
groups of species is a convenience to the student, and allows the 
arrangement of the genera into a more natural classification. 
The genus Spirifer has been left intact, though divided into six 
sections of less than subgeneric rank. Part of these at least are fully 
as much differentiated as some of the subgenera, of Afhyres for 
instance, which are recognized. Among the spire bearing forms or 
Felicopegmata, the authors have recognized their genera strictly upon 
the differentiation of a single structure, the brachidium. This is an 
important structure of the organism, but its differentiation should not 
be considered as the only important one. ‘The differences in the 
organisms represented in the fossils by the fine longitudinal strize in 
Spirifer radiatus, and the concentric bands of peculiar double-barreled 
spines in Sperifer lineatus, were probably as fundamental as the differ- 
ences of the brachidium upon which the subgenera of Athyris are 
established. If these sections be not of at least subgeneric rank, 
