134 ee LE AM CED) 
and subsequent stream action. From Pittsford southeast to 
Fishers the kame deposits fill the valley to a width of about two 
and one-half miles. 
South of Fishers is the extensive mass of kame drift described 
below as the Victor kame area. It might be regarded as a part 
of the Irondequoit area, and certainly it belongs to the same 
drainage system. Being separated, however, by an interval of 
low ground and drumloid till at Fishers and being so different 
in topography, with so great mass, it is found appropriate and 
convenient to describe it separately. 
Topography, altitude, and drainage-—TYhe base of the kame 
area rises toward the south, about 100 feet between Penfield sta- 
tion and Fishers. The northern and lower portion lies near the 
~ level of the ancient lake Iroquois (435 to 440 feet in this region) 
and a considerable portion was beneath the waters. At Carters- 
ville, one and one-half miles southeast of Pittsford, the highest 
detrital plain cut out of the kame deposit has an altitude of 435 
feet, but a discrimination has not yet been made positively between 
the lake terraces and the subsequent stream plains. The altitudes 
upon the main line of the New York Central Railroad across the 
sand area near. the head of the Irondequoit gorge are as follows: 
Crossing: of Allien ycreeksy420 feet); in) the deep sandwenvaAzer 
Penfield station, 417; crossing of Irondequoit creek, 407; Fair- 
port, 455. The top of the broad sand hill near Allen creek, cut 
by the railroad, has an altitude of about 470 feet. The canal 
has but one ‘‘level”’ across the Irondequoit valley, of 461 feet. At 
Fishers the Auburn branch of the New York Central Railroad 
has an altitude of 510 feet, which is, however, within fifteen or 
twenty feet of the creek level, in the eroded channel. The Lehigh 
Valley Railroad crosses the valley and the western plain, being 
at Victor 567 feet, Fishers 557 feet, Mendon) 572 feet: 
The surface configuration of the kame area is varied and 
difficult to describe briefly. Most of the surface north of Pitts- 
ford is billowy, low mounds of fine sand, perhaps largely the 
result of wind action. At the canal crossing the sand hills are 
lofty, of strong knob and basin topography and surround two 
