262 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE. — 1916. 



mainly of injmies from falls, and also from catching in the machine, 

 as follows : — 



J. ' While reaching over to stop the machine, his sleeve was caught by the 



drill.' 

 K. 'While fastening shell in chuck, elbow caught reamer and caused the 



machine to be in motion.' 

 L. ' In pushing G. M. ring in lathe to fix it with the dogs, his hand slipped 



off edge which had just been faced and was cut, making a very nasty 



wound.' 

 M. ' While filing work in machine, finger came in contact with a rough edge 



of job and was lacerated.' 

 N. ' In lifting the ladle from the boiling resin, the ladle, which had stuck, 



came away suddenly and splashed the boiling resin over hand and a 



little on face.' 

 0. ' While standing waiting for turn at steam forging hammer, a job 



■which was being forged got fastened in tool, and as he was in the 



act of knocking it out it jumped out and fell on his foot.' 

 P. ' Wooden stick which is used for cleaning shell slipped, and hand 



caught on shell, cutting it on the back.' 

 Q. ' Cleaning machine while running slow, belt pulled in waste, also three 



fingers.' 



7th. Unusual action or position of material due to the injured man 

 at the time. 



R. ' In throwing shunting stick on back of engine after coupling waggons, 



the hook of stick caught him on wrist.' 

 S. ' While gauging a shell it slipped and fell on his right foot.' 

 T. 'Filing rag off edge of hole, the file caught the slot in chuck and jammed 



hand on tool.' 

 U. ' Grinding chisel, which slipped and cut palm of left hand.' 

 V. ' While -working at steam hammer, tongs flew off job with the force of 



bat striking him in the face.' 



Note to V. — The man in all probability had been holding the tongs at an 

 unusually high angle. 



Section IV. 



The Applicability of Psychology to Problems of Industrial 



Fatigue. 



(a) Laboratory Experiment. 



One of the most important genex'al differences between laboratory 

 experiments and the normal conditions of the factory is to be found in 

 the difficulty of ensuring any degree of natural affective behaviour in 

 any kind of experiments suitable for laboratory investigation. Thus the 

 very important factor constituted by the subject's every-day interests 

 is not likely to show in the laboratory even where instructions are given 

 to ' behave naturally.' ' The chief ' interest ' which the subject is likely 

 to feel is a certain curiosity as to the results of the experiment itself — a 

 state of mind which has no precise parallel in the industrial field. 



Moreover, the conditions of experimentation imply a very high 

 average degree of tension, and of concentration on the operation or 

 reaction of the moment, with no reference to the affective side of the 

 personality taken as a whols. In the factory, on the other hand, the 

 worker spends the gi'eater part of his life ; on his work the continuation 

 of his existence largely depends. Boredom or joy in work may here 

 exercise a peculiar influence on output — not less than economic 

 considerations based on desires of the met far-reaching character. 



