466 TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION It. 



iiLLieased. After all. Anthropology is the science of man in the sense that 

 includes woman ; and the woman's side of human life, more especially among 

 primitive folk, must always remain inaccessible to the mere male. I hope 

 that our Universities will give this fact due weight, not only when forming 

 their anthropological classes, but also when constituting their teaching staffs. 

 For the rest, even those who for one reason or another are unable to obey 

 ' the call of the wild ' may find plenty to do in the way of field-research 

 in the nearest ^^llage ; and my experience of the work of women, whether 

 as collectors of folklore or as searchers after prehistoric objects, has led me 

 to regard them as capable of responding practically to an anthropological 

 education, to the lasting benefit both of science and of themselves. 



So far I have insisted on the need of training the anthropologist to be 

 an ' all-round man.' It stands to reason, however, that in the course of such 

 an education special aptitudes will declare themselves ; and it is all for the 

 interests of science that the student should later on confine his activities to 

 some particular field or branch of research. The sole danger lies in premature 

 specialisation. Nor will a short and sketchy course of general anthropology 

 suffice as a propjedeutic. A whole year of such preliminary study is the 

 minimum I should prescribe, even for the man or woman of graduate standing 

 who is otherwise well grounded. Thus we find at Oxford that the system 

 works well of encouraging jtudents first to take the Diploma Course, for 

 which at least a year's study is required, and then to proceed to <i Eesearch 

 Degree such as is awarded for a substantial thesis embodying the results of 

 rome .special investigation In this way we try to educate the only type of 

 specialist for which Anthropology has any use — namely, the type that is capable 

 of concentration without narrowness. 



So long as the nucleus of the Anthropological School of a University 

 consists in .students who devote themselves to the subject as a whole, there 

 can be no objection, I think, to the inclusion of thase who, though primarily 

 interested in distinct if allied subjects, desire to study some branch of 

 Anthropology up to a certain point. Thus at Oxford the classes given in 

 the department of Social Anthropology are attended by theologians, philo- 

 sophers, laAvyers, students of the classics, economists, geographers, and .so 

 forth; while elsewhere, as, for instance, at Harvard University, medical 

 students, including those who are interested in special sulijects such as 

 dentistry, are attracted by the courses in Physical Anthropology. There is 

 nil the more to be .said for such a hospitable policy on the part of a University 

 School of Anthrojiology. inasmuch as our subject is one especially suitable 

 for the graduate student; though at Oxford we have thought it wiser not 

 to limit admission to this class of students, simply requiring that all who 

 enter the school shall produce evidence of having already obtained a good 

 general education. HencCj if students jnoceeding to the Bachelor's degree 

 along one of the ordinary avenues arc brought betimes into touch with anthro- 

 )iological teaching, there is all the better chance of gathering them into the 

 fold after graduation. There is' also another good reason why a school of 

 Anthrojiology should open its classes freely to the votaries of other subjects. 

 It thereupon becomes possible to in.stitute a system of give-and-take, whereby 

 the student of Anthropology can in turn obtain the benefit of various courses 

 of instruction dealing with other subjects akin to his own. Thus at Oxford 

 the School of Anthropology is able to indicate in its terminal lecture-list a 

 large number of sources whence supplementary instruction is forthcoming 

 such as will serve to broaden the student's mind by making him aware of 

 the larger implications of the science of man. 



I have been speaking all along as if general education and scientific research 

 were the only objects which a University should keep in view. But I have 

 explained that my sole reason for not discussing education on its technical 

 side was because Sir Richard Temple has already discoursed so weightily on 

 the need for an Applied Anthropology. I should like, however, to submit a 

 few observations concerning this matter. We have had some experience at 

 Oxford in the anthropological training of officers for the public services. The 

 Sudan Probationers, by arrangement with the Governor-General of the Sudan, 

 have received systematic instruction in Anthropology for a, number of years. 



