48 
REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE.—1918. 
cataphoresis. Use of diaphragm aids in removing water from 
peat. Interesting to note that water passes to anode when 
current is passed through a porous cup containing iron 
‘‘oxychloride”’ (colloidal ferric hydroxide) and the “ oxy- 
chloride” is reduced to a jelly (dewatering of colloidal 
suspension with subsequent formation of an iron oxide 
jelly). Purification of “ saccharine juices.” 
1904. 
126, Jan. 4. B. Kittler, Memel, Germany. Apparatus (con- 
tinuous) for dewatering peat. 
8795, Feb. 16. Imray for Farbwerke, vorm. Meister, Lucius u. 
Briining Hochst, a/M. Dewatering peat. Heats apparatus 
and material. Cf. 12431 (1900). } 
24670, Nov. 14. Imray for Farbwerke, vorm. Meister, Lucius 
u. Briining Hochst, a|M. Dewatering peat. Ingenious 
apparatus for continuous operation, consisting of two endless 
belt conveyers, one of which may be an electrode. 
1905. 
4792, March 8 W. Simm. Dewatering peat. Doubtful if 
Simm really uses electrical endosmose at all as he specifies 
alternating current. Mentions heating effect of the current. 
1907. 
2226, Jan. 29. J. C. Verey and L. Downes. FElectric-osmotic 
apparatus for dewatering peat. 
10024, Apl. 30. Farbwerke, vorm. Meister, Lucius u. Briining, 
Hochst alM. Depositing suspended particles on electrodes 
by cataphoresis. Fractional cataphoresis, with especial 
emphasis on purifying and dewatering clay. Better results 
are obtained by causing fresh suspension to enter cell by 
passing close to a cathode of large surface. In this way the 
suspension passes through a diluted region and settling out 
of impurities is facilitated. 
1909. 
107938, May 6. B. Schwerin. Production of electric current by 
Quincke’s method (diaphragm currents). Claim is made of 
the use of suitable electrolytes to increase effectiveness of 
process. Importance of making certain that diaphragm and 
liquid are in equilibrium. ‘Action of electrolytes is so 
great, it seems generation of current is dependent upon 
presence. of ions.” .With diaphragms of quartz, an alkaline 
liquid (pyridine and water), pumped through under pressure 
gave the following results : 
Pressure. Volts: 2 Amperes. Watts. 
11 De ee eames Bo eee OOM tes 0°04 
22) eae SoM eee O02 Eneerees 0°16 
40) tee ee 16. ee (O10 are del aes a 0°64 
SOU tacts. 32 0:08 2°56 
The efficiency was calculated from the formula : 
volts x amperes 
pressure x discharge of water 
Efficiency = 
