50 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE.—1918. 
culating device to prevent impoverishment of suspension 
between anode and cathode. 
10370, May 1. J. E. Jameson and O. H. Valpy, London. Electric 
current passed into peat at 100°C. and under pressure (10 Atm.). 
Current may be ‘“‘continuous or alternating” (sic), and “de- 
composes hydrocellulose.” It is possible that the alternating 
current in some manner breaks down the jelly of peaty 
material. 
14235, June 18. B. Schwerin. Use of electro-osmose in connec- 
tion with manufacture of refractory articles, baked without 
binder. 
14369, June 19. B. Schwerin. Separates mixtures of different 
substances in suspension by fractional cataphoresis. Also 
separates by means of diaphragms of |different permeability ; 
Apparatus really a kind of electric “ultrafilter.” 
19239, Aug. 22. L. A. Groth, London. Electric tanning. Details 
of apparatus. 
23545, Oct. 15. Gesellschaft fiir Elektro-osmose (Schwerin). Dry- 
ing peat, clay, kaolin, etc. by pressure combined with 
electro-osmose Electro-osmotic filtration. Pressure may be 
reduced from 20 atmospheres to 1 atmosphere by combining 
electro-osmose (cataphoresis) with it. The higher the voltage 
used the more rapid the filtration. Apparatus. 
24666, Oct. 28. B. Schwerin. Use of electrically charged dia- 
phragms in the fractional separation of suspended colloids, 
depending upon 
1. Difference in size of pores 
2. Differences in interface potentials. 
Electro-negative diaphragms tend to hold back electro- 
positive colloids and vice versa. 
29826, Dec. 27. Gesellschaft fiir Elektro-osmose and H. Iilig. 
Improved apparatus for dewatering and purifying clay. 
Cf. 725 (1912). 
1918. 
3434, Feb. 10. Gesellschaft fiir Hlektro-osmose (Schwerin). 
Making ceramic articles without adding flux to cause sintering 
at temperatures below melting point. No flux (steatite, 
magnesium silicates) necessary with clay purified by electro- 
osmose, owing to the extreme fineness of the particles. In 
one case a clay treated by the osmose process sintered ata © 
temperature more than 300° C. below its melting point, and 
did this without the addition of a flux. : 
6668, Mar. 18. A.L.C. Nodon, Bordeaux. Electrical preser- 
vation of railway sleepers (ties). Uses alternating current (?) 
and 1 per cent. ZnCl, solution. 
10873, May 8. Gesellschaft fiir Elektro-osmose (Schwerin). Cf. 
23545 (1912) Electro-osmotic filter with electrodes of hard 
lead. : 
26061, July 21. Gesellschaft fiir Elektro-osmose (Schwerin). 
Further mechanical improvements in osmose machine for 
clay. 
