ON COLLOID CHEMISTRY AND iTs {NDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. 95 
Sroppart, F. W., reference as previous p. 183-210. 
‘Nitrification and the Absorption Theory.’ 
Gives the result of a series of experiments in connection with the nitrification 
of ammonium salts, albumen, and sewage, which, it is concluded, disprove ‘ the 
absorption theory’ of Dunbar. 
1913. 
Mumrorp, EB. M., ‘ Trans. Chem. Soc., 1913, vol. 103. 
‘A new Iron Bacterium.’ 
Isolated organism from basin receiving colliery pump water. Under aerobic 
conditions is capable of completely precipitating iron from solutions of either 
ferrous or ferric salts. 
Fowier & MuMForp, ‘Roy. San. Ins.’, vol. xxxiv., No. 10. 
‘Preliminary Note on the Bacterial Clarification of Sewage.’ 
Organic matter in colloidal solution in sewage coagulated by inoculation with 
the organism isolated by Mumford, and aeration in the presence of small quantities 
of iron salts. 
Rouwanps, ‘ Z. Chem. Ind. Kolloide,’1913,12,45-6, Abst. ‘J.S.C.1.’, vol. xxxii., p, 209. 
‘Colour method of determining colloids in effluents.’ : 
Collvids determined by absorption of aniline blue. 
Powz, ‘ Farben-Zeit,’ 1913, 24, 395-6. Abst. ‘J.S.C.1.’, vol. xxxii., p. 940. 
‘Purification of Dye Works Effluents by means of Colloidal Clay.’ 
States that Jarge scale trial demonstrates method suggested by Rohland (Abst 
‘J.S.C.I.’, vol. xxvii., p. 34) unsatisfactory and impracticable. 
1914, 
O'SHAUGHNESSY, ‘J.S.C.1.’, No. 1, vol. xxxiii. 
‘The Utilisation of the Phenomena of Putrefaction with special reference to the 
Treatment and Disposal of Sewage Sludge.’ 
Fowler & CLIFFORD, ‘J.S.C.I.’, vol. xxxiii., p. 815. 
‘Notes on the composition of Sundry Residual Products from Sewage.’ 
Includes examination of sludge recovered from various sections of purification 
plant, with special reference to their carbon and nitrogen content. 
O'SHAUGHNESSY, ‘J. Inst. San. Eng.’, part 2, vol. xviii. 
‘The significance of Colloidal matter in the problems cf Sewage Disposal.’ 
General consideration of question with special reference to the operation of the 
Birmingham sewage purification plant. 
SoHNGEN, ‘Ch2m. Wienblad.,’ 1914, 11, 42-59. Abst. ‘J.S.C.L,’ vol. xxxiii., p. 329. 
‘Influence of Colloids on Micro-biological Processes.’ 
Presence of certain colloids assists various proce: ses, ¢.g., fixation of nitrogen by 
Azobacter and decomposition of starch by Bac. Ovhraceus. 
Marc and Sac, ‘ Koll. Chem. Beihefte,’ 1914, 5, 375-410. Abst. ‘J.S.C.1., vol. xxxiil., 
p. 564, 
‘Determination of Colloids in Effluents.’ 
CoJloids determined by mixing 10 grams of insoi-substance, preferably pure 
BaSo,, with 20 grams of effluent, and shaking for half hour. Original and clear 
solution obtained after separation of insoluble matter, compared by means of the 
interferometer (see ‘J.S.C.I., vol. xxxi., p. 539). The decrease in refraction is 
proportional to the quantity of colloids in effluent. 
1916. 
LEDERER. ‘Chem. News,’ 1916, 113, 308-9. 
‘Relative Stabilities in Polluted Effluents carrying Colloids.’ 
‘2nd Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Massachusetts,’ 1916. 
P, 128, ‘Cause of the Increase of Organic Nitrogen in Activated Sludge.’ 
P. 146-7, ‘Intermittent Sand Filters operated with Untreated Sewage.’ 
P. 149-50, Intermittent Sand Filters operated with Clarified Sewage.’ 
1917. 
PorreEr, J. E., General Filtration Company, Inc. Rochester, N.Y. 
‘The Activated Sludge Process of Sewage Treatment.’ ete f 
A most complete bibliography of the subject from initial publications, 1914, to 
May 1917, 
ARDERN, E., ‘J.8.C.I.’, No. 14, vol. xxxvi. 
‘A résumé of the present position of the Activated Sludge process of Sewage 
purification.’ 
