ON TRAINING IN CITIZENSHIP. 287 



(Jivic pride — a citizen of a great community with a glorious heritage in men 

 and boolcs. 

 Interest in local history, natural history, and local industry, regional surveys. 

 Histoncal reccircis ; public memorials, historical pageants. 

 Civic ideals and duties. 



Unselfishness (good turns) and self-sacrifice. 

 Individual service. 

 Home. 



School. Care of buildings, &c. 

 Outside. Public property (Parks). 



Proper use of conveyances and streets. 

 Use of proper language. 

 Community service. Country — Fire brigade, special constables, accident corps. 

 Humanity — Hospital service. 

 Religion — Mission work. 

 Development of self-control. Consider gambling — smoking. 

 Common Prejudices to be guarded against — 



At School — ridicule of dull and physically weak boys. 

 Religion — bigotry; sectarian jealousy. 



National — depreciation of members of other nations and races. 

 Man is essentially and before all else a member of the State and must live up to 



that membership. 

 Differences between the ancient and the modern world. 



Compulsory military service; if a citizen can claim security he must be prepared 

 to tight for it if necessary, and the State has a right to call upon him 

 to do so. 

 Tendency of democracy to get as much as possible out of the State ; to look upon 

 the State as a dispenser of charities. A citizen's right — a fair wage ; a 

 citizen's duty— a fair day's work. 

 Universal franchise of adult men and women based upon equal interest of both 



sexes and of all classes in good government. 

 Danger of party spirit; each party only a section, and not justified in seeking 



its own with little or no reference to the good of the State. 

 The spirit of true citizenship evoked and evinced by the War. 

 So great the debt of the citizen to the State that he may be justly expected to 



make large sacrifices for the good of the State. 

 The daily life of a citizen. 

 Great citizens : — discoverers, inventors, philanthropists, writers, musicians, 



artists. 

 Desire of all classes to have a more permanent share in the Government, hence 

 importance of all having a good conception of civic responsibilities : 

 Franchise implies a duty as well as a right. 

 Citizenship inculcated by practice, dramatisation, self-government (school 

 commonwealths, trials, debates). 



4. Monarchy and Democracy. 



Necessity for government. 



Forms of government : absolute monarchy, limited monarchy, oligarchy, republic. 



History proceeds as from East to West, so from the power of the few to the 



power of the many. 

 Monarchy the only possible government in primitive society. 

 Few good Kings and Queens. 

 The divine right of Kings an exploded doctrine. 

 Sir Robert Filmer's Patriarch. 

 The King the chief servant of the State. 



Constitutional monarchy still useful as ensuring the unity of State and Empire. 

 The King to be recognised and to recognise himself as being what he really is. 

 Democracy the healthiest government, as resting upon the widest and strongest 



basis. 

 Democracy the only possible government in the modern world. Autocratic 



monarchy discredited. 

 Object of the Great War to make the world safe for democracy. 



