378 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS. — L. 



aflSxed, etc. Railroad and shipping companies to provide 

 special rates, after being shown the necessity for the keeping 

 up of the standard of instruction and life generally of 

 intellectual classes. 



Thursday, August 26. 



Joint Meeting with Subsection of Psychology. 



10. Prof. T. P. NuNN. — The Tendency towards Individual 



Education. 



Education must effect a modus vivendi between two prin- 

 ciples : (i.) the principle of 'mental discipline,' and (ii.) the 

 principle of spontaneity which requires the pupil to be his 

 own educator. The second implies that the individual pupil, 

 not the class, is the proper unit for instruction, and that he 

 should be free to go his own way at his own speed. The 

 former demands expert control of his studies and at least a 

 minimum prescribed curriculum. The problem of reconciling 

 the two principles in the case of young children is relatively 

 simple, and has been solved (e.^.) by Dr. Montessori. For 

 older pupils it seems to require (a) the reduction of formal 

 class-teaching to a minimum, and (6) setting free a large part 

 of the school week for ' elective ' work under tutorial 

 supervision. Cautious experiments in this direction are 

 immediately practicable, and should be encouraged. 



11. Prof. G. H. Thomson. — Do the Binet-Simon Tests 



measure General A bility ? 



12. Dr. C. W. KiMMiNS. — The Dreams of Children who are 



Physically Abnormal . 

 General Discussion upon the above Papers. 



Afternoon. 



1 3. Report of Committee upon the Educational Value of 



Museums. (See p. 267.) 



Friday, August 27. 



14. Right Hon. H. A. L. Fisher. — The Universities in a 



National System of Education. 



15. Mr. Frank Fletcher. — The Public Schools in a 



National System of Education. 



1 6. Miss H. M. WoDEiiousE. — The Training Colleges in a 



National System of Education. 



Do we aim at requiring that all teachers, including all 

 those teaching ages 2-11, shall be igraduates ? (Estimate 

 of numbers.) // not, training colleges other than university 

 departments ought still to exist : (i.) To take non-matri- 

 culated students, (ii.) to take students who, even though 

 qualified for matriculation, do not wish to take a full-length 

 university course. From staff, from learning, and from 

 social life, these students gain more in a college of their own 

 than in a university. Most desirable that training colleges 

 should be widened by amalgamating the training of teachers 

 with other work. E.g., physical training, arts, crafts, agri- 

 culture, engineering, preparation for business or secretarial 



