3G0 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.— C, D. 



of the drift, the numerous lateral channels, and the character of the gorge 

 itself, are such that their occurrence further north would be ascribed generally 

 to glacial action. 



It is postulated that a Welsh-^lidland ice-sheet reached the chalk-scarp, 

 but failed to override it save at the lowest parts. One such part was in the angle 

 between the Chilterns and the Berkshire Downs ; the final excavation of Goring 

 Gap was achieved by the outflow from a retreating ice-tongue that had pene- 

 trated into the London Basin. The relatively early date of the glaciation 

 and the softness of the bed-rocks account for obscurity of details. 



10. Joint Discussion with Sections E and H on The Relation of 



Early Man to the Phases of the Ice Age in Britain. Opener: 

 Mr. H. .7. E. Peake. 



Tuesday, Sepiember 12, 



11. Mr. W. S. BisAT. — Goniatite Zones in the Middle Carboniferous. 



Renewed attention paid by members of the Yorkshire Naturalists' Union to 

 this question has shown that all species of the principal goniatite genera are 

 very limited in vertical range, and this fact has rendered it possible to greatly 

 expand the sequence propounded by Wheelton Hind. 



The zones suggest stiongly that the Millstone Grit series of North Derby- 

 shire represents only the upper part of the North Yorkshire and Lancashire 

 series, and that the Yoredale Shales of Derbyshire form the equivalent of the 

 Sabden Shales of Lancashire. This brings the Third Grit of Lancashire and 

 Yorkshire approximately on the same horizon as the Kinderscout of Derbyshire. 



12. Mr. E. G. Hudson. — A Type Section of the Yoredalian. 



Skell Gill and Mill Gill, Wensleydale, Yorkshire, show a complete and 

 typical exposure of the Yoredale rocks of the Lower Carboniferous. 



The palreontological zones established elsewhere for the Lower Carboniferous 

 are confirmed in this section and further subdivision is possible. The conditions 

 of deposition are emphasised by the occurrence of shallow-water faunas and 

 algal horizons. Local unconformities occur, notably between Dy and Dj, where 

 the Hardraw shales rest on the eroded and irregular surface of the Gayle 

 Limestone. 



The fauna reaches its maximum development in the Main Limestone, where 

 the corals and brachiopods show great specific variation, and are followed by 

 a stunted and impoverished fauna. Many horizons are characterised by faunas 

 that are, as elsewiiere, constant throughout the district, notably GirvancIIa and 

 Orionastrca 'phUlipni, characteristic of the base of D2 and Dy2 respectively. 



13. Mr. W. S. BiSAT. — A Neiv Section in the Oolites at North 



Ferriby. 

 A well sinking and boring and quarry operations about nine miles west of 

 Hull, on the edge of the Wolds, gave good sections from the Middle Chalk to 

 the Lias. The junction of the Cretaceous and Oolite series showed Red Chalk and 

 marl restirg on pebbly Carstone. 



The ammonite fauna of the underlying clays was submitted to Dr. Spath 

 for determination. The clays have always been referred to the Kimmeridge, 

 but the ammonite evidence showed that they are undoubtedly Corallian, and 

 belong to the Ampthill phase. 



This indicates a greater gap between the topmost Oolites and lowest 

 Cretaceous than had been supposed to exist in Yorkshire. 



SECTION D.- ZOOLOGY. 



(For references to the publication elsewhere of communications entered in the 

 following list of transactions, see p. 408.) 



Thursday, September 7. 



1. Dr. Jons. Schmidt. — Remarks on the Life-history of the Conger, 

 being a Preliminary Commumcation from the ' Dana ' Exfedi- 

 tions in the North Atlantic. 



