412 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.—F, G. 
In the cutting branch of the trade the incidence of unemployment is chiefly 
upon a group of so-called ‘temporary cutters.’ They constitute a flying 
squadron not attached to any house. A special fund has been established to 
meet the special needs of these employees by using all the contributions of the 
‘temporary cutters’ and one-sixth of the contributions of the permanent 
cutters. Permanent cutters receive benefits of one-third of the weekly wage 
instead of 40 per cent. They are limited to five weeks’ benefit in the year, 
and ‘temporary cutters’ may receive ten weeks’ benefit. 
The development of the plan is being closely watched by employers and 
Trade Unions in the United States, and in some degree it has given pause to 
the demand for a Governmental scheme. The question arises if future develop- 
ment will be in the direction of the co-existence of some such plan of insurance 
by industry and a Governmental system after the English model. 
Discussion opened by Prof. Grpert E. Jackson. 
Tuesday, August 12. 
9. Joint Discussion with Section M on Diminishing Returns in 
Agriculture. Paper by Prof. C. R. Fay. Discussion by Sir 
JoHN Russe, F.R.S., Lord Buepision, Sir Henry Rew, Prof. 
E. Cannan, Mr. R. B. Forrester. 
Wednesday, August 13. 
10. (a) Exhibition of a film illustrating the Marketing of Wheat, 
explained by Prof. C. R. Fay. 
(b) Prof. J. E. Boyte.—The Marketing of Grain. 
SECTION G.—ENGINEERING. 
(For references to the publication elsewhere of communications entered in the 
following list of transactions, see page 467.) 
Thursday, August 7. 
1, Presidential Address by Prof. G. W. 0. Howe on One 
Hundred Years of Electrical Engineering. (Page 178.) 
2. Sir Henry THornton.—Railway Transportation in Canada. 
(1) An opening reference to the part which railway transportation plays in 
modern industrial and economic life. (2) A picture indicating the condition — 
in which the beginning of the railway era found Canada, contrasted with the 
situation as it exists to-day. (3) A historical sketch covering the period of 
railway development in Canada— 
(a) before confederation; (6) the confederation period; (c} the balance of 
the nineteenth century ; (d) the twentieth century. 
(4) A review of the physical evolution of railway transportation in Canada. 
(5) A review of the features distinguishing railway development in Canada from 
the development in Europe. (6) The traffic characteristics of Canada from the 
railway transportation standpoint. (7) A review of the present economic problem 
as affecting railway transportation in Canada. (8) The probable future 
tendencies of railway transportation in Canada and elsewhere. 
3. Lt.-Col. H. S. Lams, D.S.O0.—Engineering Problems and Traffic 
on the Great Lakes. 
A description of the work involved in the development of the Great Lakes 
system of waterways, including the canals and locks constructed to overcome 
the two great barriers on this system, namely, Niagara Falls and the St. Mary’s 
Rapids. The general design of the harbours, the type of structures principally 
