OFFICIAL JOURNEYS. 485 
were able to see the city and peninsula, Butchart’s Gardens, the astro- 
physical and meteorological observatories, and other points which had 
also been visited by the earlier party. 
The programme for this day at Vancouver included an excursion by 
steamer to Howe Sound ; a visit of engineers to Lake Buntzen as guests 
of Mr. George Kidd, of the British Columbia Electric Railway Company, 
conducted by Prof. H. Vickers; and botanical trips in the neighbourhood 
of the city, conducted by Profs. A. H. Hutchinson and J. Davidson. 
Howe Sound is a magnificent fiord surrounded by mountains, high and steep. 
Some of the party went to the head of the fiord at Squamish, where they saw the 
site of a recent Indian village, and learned that some of the distant mountain-peaks 
seen were still without official names. 
A geological party, conducted by Profs. Schofield and Christie, under the auspices 
of the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, landed at the Britannia Copper 
Mines. They were received by Mr. Browning, managing director of the mine, and 
proceeded in a truck drawn by an electric locomotive to the foot of the great incline, 
at a height of some hundreds of feet. The truck was then hauled by a cable up the 
incline, about 1000 feet at a very steep gradient. Here another electric locomotive 
took the truck along a zigzag line several miles in length and gradually ascending 
about 500 ft. to the mouth of the main adit. Here the Company entertained the 
party at luncheon at the office situated in the main mining village, a group of houses 
of which many have lawn-tennis courts built out from the hillside. After lunch, 
Mr. Moore, manager of the mine, took the party some distance into the mine with 
the aid of an electric locomotive. Arrived at the shaft the visitors were lifted another 
1000 ft., and so came out on the hill-face where the ore body was being worked in the 
open, both rock and ore being dropped into lower levels in the mine. At this point 
copper was being recovered from the mine-walls by means of scrap-iron, 
Most of the ore is crushed inside the mine and the ore discharged below the incline 
into the mill, through which the party descended the last few hundred feet to the 
steamer. The process used is flotation solely, and by this means the ore is concen- 
trated from an average of about 1-7 per cent. up to 17 per cent. in the first instance, 
and later to 23 per cent. by the removal of pyrites. 
Cordial votes of thanks to the Company, the managing director, the manager, 
and the staff, and to Prof. Schofield, were passed by the party before embarking. 
Botanical members were conducted by Prof. Hutchinson, of the University of 
British Columbia, through part of Stanley Park, which is a forest area composed 
_ of coniferous trees of great age and size. Overshadowed by these is a dense wealth 
of undergrowth consisting of trees and shrubs, beneath which a luxurious growth of 
ferns and other plants abounded. The chief coniferous trees were Thuja plicata, 
Pseudotsuga Douglasii, and T'suga canadense. The party was much impressed by 
the height and girth of many of these trees, exemplified not only by living specimens 
but by wrecks and stumps of former great ones. Tracts of swampy ground occurred 
in which the most notable plant was the skunk cabbage. In the more.open regions 
Spirea and Aruncus were plentiful. 
In the afternoon the Botanic Garden near the new University buildings was 
visited. Prof. Davidson showed an interesting collection of the shrubs and trees of 
British Columbia. An interesting plant new to most of the visitors was the parasitic 
Arceuthobium (allied to mistletoe) growing on Thuja. An experiment was seen in 
growing Ginseng and other medicinal plants under artificial shade devised to imitate 
a forest canopy. 
Engineering members viewed the sawmills of the Canadian Western Lumber 
Company. 
Ata Rotary Club luncheon in Vancouver, Dr. Ivy Mackenzie spoke on Physiological 
Discoveries of Importance to the Man in the Street. A visit to the Vancouver General 
Hospital took place, and in the evening the President, Sir David Bruce, met members 
of the Vancouver Medical Association. : 
Mr. O. H. T. Rishbeth visited New Westminster, B.C., at the invitation of the 
Kiwanis Club in that city, and gave an address on Modern Geography, with special 
reference to its functions in the Dominions, to an audience of the business and pro- 
fessional classes. He explained the nature and methods of modern geography as a 
régime of scientific thought and investigation, and then dwelt in more detail upon 
