446 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.—C. 
adjoining the moraine is estimated at about 13 feet per year, and this is sup- 
ported by a comparison of the position of the ice on the top of the frontal 
moraine in 1910 with its position eleven years later. 
Lbba Glacier.—This is fed from the same gathering ground as the Norden- 
skidld. 
lis special feature is the upper ‘neck,’ where the ice is nipped in by and 
passes over a ridge of pre-Devonian rocks, afterwards fanning out as a rounded 
dome-shaped glacier with radiating crevasses. 
Sections at the neck showed bands of crevassed and contorted ice filled with 
englacial material. This section compares well with the model of ice action 
described by Professor Sollas. 
A side section of the glacier near its termination showed banded ice with 
masses of included gravel, and the frontal face showed an exceptional amount 
of banded englacial material. 
A smooth, rounded roche moutonnée occurs in front of the glacier, and is 
evidently the cause of the inclination of the englacial bands. 
The Sven Glacier forms part of the Horbye Glacier. Its upper part rests 
on a highiy inclined ridge of Devonian rock exposed through the ice in places. 
Over this the neve ice passes, and is traversed by innumerable thrust-planes 
~esembling strain-slip cleavage. 
The effect of exceptional pressure of neve ice is seen in a side section of the 
4lacier : masses of contorted ice curve upwards along thrust-planes over a lower 
zone of ice filled with morainic matter. The upper surface of the ice is much 
wrinkled, and contains scattered mounds of morainic material composed of 
angular fragments. c 
13. Mr. K. W. Earte.—Preliminary Report on the Geology of the 
Windward and Leeward Islands. 
The Windward and Leeward Islands, with the exception of the Virgin 
Islands on the extreme north, are composed entirely of Tertiary and Recent 
rocks. The basement beds consist of Hypersthene- and Augite-Andesites of 
? Kocene age, and are overlain spasmodically by sedimentary tuffs and lime- 
stones of Eocene and Oligocene age. These are covered and incorporated 
with later eruptive rocks—chiefly of the pyroclastic type, but varied by basaltic 
lava-flows—ejected at all periods from -Middle Tertiary to Recent times 
(e.g. Mt. Pelee and St. Vincent). ; 
While such islands as Anguilla show little but the sedimentary deposits un- 
obscured by later eruptives, the majority are extremely mountainous, and the 
sedimentary deposits are largely denuded or obscured by the later ash and 
boulder deposits. The occurrence of marine limestones in. almost every island, 
sometimes at a height of 800 to 1,000 feet, indicates extensive oscillations in 
the chain, and that the old distinction between the volcanic and purely sedi- 
mentary islands must be abandoned. 
With the exception of fhe Virgin Islands the chain bears no resemblance 
either to the Cuba-Porto Rico belt of islands or to Barbados and Trinidad, 
which latter island is essentially South American in type. There is, however, 
evidence in Grenada that fhe islands have in part been subjected to the same 
earth movements as Trinidad. t 
The writer is of opinion that the old Continental theory of the origin of 
the Lesser Antilles must be abandoned and the islands recognised as the 
denuded cones of submarine volcanoes operating at various foci from earliest 
Tertiary times. 
In the afternoon an excursion took place to Scarth Hill, near Orms- 
kirk, and Skillaw Clough, near Parbod. 
Tuesday, September 18. : 
14. Mr. C. P. Cuarwin.—A New Gasteropod Fauna from the Chalk. 
This communication dealt with a collection of numerous small gasteropads 
found in the mucronata zone of Norwich, ; 
