24 BULLETIN : MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 
inland is observed, and here at the same level, 6 feet above high-water 
mark, occurs the raised reef with scattered corals and the line of beach 
erosion. The traces of a raised sea-beach from 7 to 11 feet above the 
present tidal limit are’still fresh at their feet. These inland cliffs rise 
some 30 or 40 feet above the flat and are encrusted with coral reef forma- 
tions. At 16 feet above high-water mark a small patch of disintegrated 
raised “beach rock” may be seen. 
At Thuvu, as at Vatu Leile, the dead corals litter the reef and project 
above its surface. It seems to have a general level of 6 to 8 feet above 
the tide, with a higher development to the rear, rising from 16 to 20 
feet. Traces of a more elevated beach (25 feet) also occur (Plates 30, 
31). The reef has grown on the older inclined limestones. 
Wangava. — It has rugged slopes rising steeply (50° to 60°) from 
base to summit, to a general level of 300 to 350 feet above the sea. 
Half-way up the slopes traces of a “terrace” may be seen. The centre 
of the island is depressed, containing a lake which rises and falls with 
the tide, as I am informed by Hon. W. L. Allardyce. (A similar case 
occurs at Nomuka, in the Tongan Group.) 
Taviuni (Plate 8).—It is of blunted wedge-shape, and its axis, 
determined mostly by volcanic cones and craters, lies approximately 
north-northeast and south-southwest. As seen from the south, it is 
cone shaped. An examination of the western slopes reveals flows of 
basaltic lava partially hiding masses of older lava flows of steeper 
slope. To the east it falls precipitously, and the later basalt does not 
appear to have influenced the topographical features of this division of 
the island. 
An inland lake occurs at the 2800 feet level. It is either contained 
in an extinct crater or has been formed by the closing in of dome-shaped 
masses on one another. A curious feature in this old lake is the re- 
peated occurrence of long narrow belts of water running in all directions 
through the bog. Their edges are sharply defined by the transparency 
of the water when contrasted with the surrounding bog. 
Ovalau (Plate 6).— One of the most rugged and picturesque 
islands of the group. It is contained wholly within the Viti Levu 
barrier. It is 2100 feet in height, and is composed of huge beds of 
evenly dipping strata carved into deep valleys, aiguilles, cliffs, and dome- 
shaped masses. These strata are andesite agglomerates, in places con- 
sisting of augite-andesite blocks loosely aggregated, in others of angular 
blocks firmly welded together, and again beds of andesite ash occur full 
of augite crystals. 
