370 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.— H. 



Both these races are predominantly long-headed or Dolichocephalic, hut evidence 

 of admixture at some period with an Asiatic element is brought out, when character- 

 istically broad-headed or BrachycephaUc akulla occur in our unselected collection. 



The form of the Bush skull is in the majority of cases Chamae-pentagonoid, i.e. 

 the typical skull is angular in vertical outline and of low altitude. 



The Bantu cranial form is evidently of a more complex nature, as the greatest 

 number of skulls are equally dispersed in the Ovoid and Ellipsoid classes, the altitude 

 being higher than that of the Bush, viz. OrthocephaUc. 



A comparison of the Bush and Bantu types ofiEers evidence in support of the idea 

 that the pre-Bantu stock possessed HypsicephaUc (high-vaulted) skulls with an 

 ellipsoidal outline, and that advancing from the north they ousted the Bush tribes 

 into the south and south-western territories. 



Admixtvire of the two races probably led to the production of the intermediate 

 hybrid types found, which retain the characters of both Bush and pre-Bantu stock. 



A map illustrating the skull-form distribution in the three main divisions was 

 drawn up. 



Dr. Gordon D. Laing and Mr. J. H. S. Gear. — A further Report on the 



Strandlooper Skulls found at Zitzikama. 

 Eight skulls and one skeleton, found by Mr. Fitzsimons at a depth of 15 feet in 

 a cave at Zitzikama, are described in detail and compared. This examination shows 

 the skuUs to form a mised group, in which features of two distinct types occur variously 

 combined. Further proof is thus supplied to a theory, previously advanced in a 

 preUminary report (Laing, 1924) that the collection shows evidences of hybridisation. 

 The elements present in the fusion are shown to be pure Bush (San), as exemplified 

 by the skuU Za 2 on the one hand, and an even more primitive type Za 3 on the other. 

 This latter tj'pe has many close similarities to the Boskop Skull, and throughout the 

 series features occur which warrant the conclusion that this more primitive stock was 

 of the Boskop race. 



Mr. L. H. Wells. — Fossil Bushmen from the Zuurberg. 



An open burial site in the Zuiirberg, South-east Cape Province, excavated by Mr. 

 Fitzsimons, yielded human skeletal remains at two different levels. The lower 

 stratum of burials was about 7 feet, the upper about 4 feet below the ground level. 

 The burials of the upper stratum had apparently been made from a former ground 

 surface 2J feet below the existing surface. 



The remains, especially those of the lower stratum, were completely mineralised, 

 and were associated with stone and bone implements and ornaments. These have 

 been described by Mr. Fitzsimons, and appear to belong to the WUton culture (Late 

 Stone Age). 



The skulls found at this site display close afi&nitiea with modem Bushman skulls, 

 but are of somewhat greater capacity, and one individual possesses Australoid features. 

 The mandibles are of typical Bushman type. The bones of the lower extremity, 

 on the contrary, are remarkably Neandert haloid in character. 



This fossil find provides unequivocal evidence of great antiquity for the Bushman 

 race and culture in South Africa. 



Mr. L. H. Wells. — The Skeleton of the Foot in the Bantu and the Bushman. 



The bones of the foot have been studied in a large series of Bantu and Bushman 

 skeletons belonging to the collections of the Department of Anatomy, University of 

 the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and the Macgregor Memorial Museum, Kimbeiley. 



The results show that the Bushman foot is distinguished by a large number of 

 special featiues, the majority of which are primitive. The architecture of the foot 

 as a whole is similar to that of Neanderthal man. 



The Bantu foot is much more similar to that of the European, although many 

 individuals possess Bushman features, apparently as a result of Bush hybridisation. 



Sexual differences are strongly marked in the Bantu, but are not recognisable 

 in the Bushman foot. 



Mr. L. H. Wells. — Variations in the Muscles of the Bantu Foot. 



A series of forty-four feet of adult Bantu, dissected in the Department of 

 Anatomj', University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, presented a very large 

 number of muscular anomalies. 



