SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.—G. 335 
Friday, August 28. 
Joint Discussion with Section B on The Ignition of Gases. (See 
page 303.) 
4, Mr. F. EH. Wentworru Sueiips, O.B.E—The Quay Walls of 
Southampton. 
The quay walls of Southampton are of unusual interest, because several of them 
have proved to be unstable owing to the unfavourable nature of the soil on which they 
stand. Special works have had to be carried out in order to secure them, and some 
have collapsed and have had to be rebuilt. These failures have thrown some light on 
the ever-elusive problem of the design of deep water quay walls on earth foundations. 
In this paper the history of some of the walls is given, including those of the first 
dock built in 1842. These were probably the first walls of their size built on weak 
clay and backed with the same material. Several lengths have shown signs of weakness 
and various remedies have been tried, including insertion of anchor ties and the 
removal of some of the earth backing behind the wall. The most successful remedy 
has been the building of heavy concrete counterforts behind the wall and joined to 
it by numerous steel ties. 
The Empress Dock walls, built in 1890, behaved in a similar manner, and other 
remedies were tried without success. The portions of the wall which failed were 
rebuilt to the same section, except that the foundations were carried down to a 
greater depth. 
The various remedies adopted are discussed, and the walls which failed are com- 
pared with others which, though built under somewhat similar conditions, have 
stood well. 
5. Mr. W. G. Turner.—The Electric Power Station at Southampton. 
The paper gives a brief history of the electricity undertaking of the County 
Borough of Southampton, also a general description of the methods of and the plant 
utilised for generation, transmission, conversion, transformation, and distribution 
purposes, together with detailed information on various items of particular interest 
technically. 
It also gives information as to various economies effected and the means employed, 
as well as a statistical survey of the growth and progress of the undertaking in various 
directions. 
6. Mr. H. Wavucnorr.—The Electric Supply and Plant of Southampton 
Docks. 
AFTERNOON. 
Visits to R.M.S. Aquitania (Cunard §.S. Co:) and Southampton 
Waterworks. 
Monday, August 31. 
Morning. 
7. Mr. Stanury 8. Coox.—High Efficiency Steam Installations for Ship 
Propulsion with special reference to the question of Auxiliary 
Machinery. 
Reference is made to high efficiency designs of steam turbines for marine work. 
With improvements that have been and are being made in the consumption of the 
main engines, the auxiliary machinery is now responsible for a considerable percentage 
addition to the fuel consumption. The consumption of auxiliary machinery is dis- 
cussed and analysed, suggestions made as to the most economical arrangement, making 
use of regenerative feed heating ; and comparative figures worked out for the total 
fuel consumption attainable with a high efficiency design of main turbines for a cargo 
vessel of 5,000 S.H.P., with the auxiliaries (1) Steam driven; (2) Steam electric ; 
(3) Diesel electric ; (4) Mechanically driven from the main engine, 
