336 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.—G. 
The estimated oil consumptions per S.H.P. hour, all purposes, for the three cases 
considered are (1) 0.667, (2) 0.648, and (3) and (4) 0.62 lb. 
8. Mr. H. Western Houtcuinson.—Sailing and Motor Craft: The 
Scientific Aspects of their Design. 
The complexity of the problem. The necessity of rating rules. Resistance. Proper- 
ties that tend to speed. Weather liners. Necessity for balance. The present Rating 
Rule, its character and the restrictions it imposes. The reasons for these restrictions. 
Hard weather boats. Light weather boats. The water line plane when heeled. The 
usual method of design. A geometrical system with examples. The importance of a 
knowledge of the desired characteristics of a successful boat before this method can 
be used. Its great accuracy and ease of obtaining fairness. The importance of sails 
and rigging. The personalelement. The importance of trim. The different considera- 
tions that apply to motor boats. Power, weight and speed. Linton Hope’s formula. 
Hydroplanes with and without steps. Conditions of planing. General form. Speed and 
power. Sea sleds. Surface propellers. 
9. Mr. C. te MatstrReE.—Engineering Standardisation. 
The author draws attention to the Premier’s appeal for increase of efficiency in 
industry. He points out that one of the greatest problems before the country at the 
moment, due to the depression in all our great industries, is the reducing of the cost 
of production to such a point that British industry may regain its rightful place in 
the markets of the world. 
British goods are second to none in quality, but at present their selling price is 
too high. One of the most fruitful methods of reducing cost of production is to 
eliminate unnecessary waste by reducing the number of varieties of patterns and types 
for one and the same design ; in fact, simplifying and unifying the needs of industry. 
Reference is also made to the great work of Mr. Hoover’s Department of 
Simplified Practice in the United States of America, which, through national 
simplification, is bringing about vast economies in the industrial field. 
Whereas in America a somewhat definite distinction is made between standardisa- 
tion and simplification, the latter being looked upon as being of a purely commercial 
nature, and the former as highly technical, in this country, fortunately, standardisation 
and simplification are under one roof, with consequent benefit to industry generally. 
The British Standard Specifications all have an economical basis; they have a 
certain measure of permanency, yet are subject to periodical review and, where: 
necessary, to revision, and consequently without being changed unless the changes 
are in the direction of improvements, they are received with confidence by industry 
and pass into practical operation without financial disturbance. They introduce 
all-round economies, and lead to improvements rather than to in any way being 
disadvantageous to invention and progress. 
He mentions that the British Engineering Standards Association has, during the 
past year, made practically all the various sections into which the work is divided 
self-supporting with one or two exceptions, and that the whole organisation and its 
methods of obtaining its funds has been investigated by a Ways and Means Com- 
mittee, the recommendations of which, for providing further funds, have been adopted 
by the Main Committee. 
As a result, the B.E.S.A. is, in October, putting into operation a scheme for re- 
organising its membership. The members of technical committees are in future 
to be known as honorary members, and a new class of membership is being formed 
to include professional engineers, individual firms, and business men connected with 
the great industries of the country who are to be invited to become members at a 
minimum annual subscription of two guineas. The cost of the whole work generally 
is, as heretofore, to be borne by the very considerable contributions made by the large 
trade organisations, technical societies, railway and Government grants, leaving the 
income to be derived from the new membership to assist the B.EH.S.A. to help the 
minor industries, which are not always well organised, and to make the work effective 
throughout the world. 
He deals at some length with the American campaign for the saving of national 
waste, and upon international standardisation which in electrical matters is making 
so much progress, but which in mechanical matters presents so many serious 
difficulties. 
