150 



SECTIONAL ADDRESSES. 



It will be noticed that we are fortunate enough to have two independent 

 sets of measurements of the three main stocks which went to the making 

 of the Englishman — the Mediterranean, represented by the Long Barrow 

 or Neolithic Race ; the Alpine, represented by the Beaker Folk ; and the 

 Nordic, represented by the Anglo-Saxons. One of each of these three 

 sets has been measured by myself, and the other has been measured or 

 collected by Mr. Morant, who published them in Biometrika. 1 



Now, although neither the authorities of Biometrika nor I are un- 

 qualified admirers of the other's methods, I firmly believe that we both 

 are trying to find out the truth, according to our lights and limitations ; 

 and in this case our results, when reduced, as I have reduced them, to 

 proportional indices, are so nearly alike that, however much we might 

 wish to, neither of us can attack the other with any reasonable chance of 

 success. 



If we add the proportional indices of the three stocks together and 

 divide them by three, the result is as follows : — 



This result, surely, is as close as two people working upon different 

 samples and different numbers of skulls of the same races could be expected 

 to reach ; and there is every reason to believe that the mean between 

 the two sets of results is more likely to be nearer the truth than either 

 of them taken separately, and ought roughly to represent what we should 

 be likely to find, in the descendants, if equal numbers of Long Barrow 

 folk, Beaker folk, and Anglo-Saxons were mixed and allowed to interbreed. 

 Let us compare this with the records of the Northamptonshire people 

 who lived at Rothwell in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries : — 



This shows that if we evolve, as we have done in the first line, the 

 kind of skull which a mixture of the three main stocks which we know 

 went to the making of the mediaeval Englishman would produce, we get 

 a form which, in its proportional length, breadth, and height, is almost 

 identical with that found in the Midlander of the Middle Ages, as shown 

 in the second line. 



When, however, the Hythe crania, shown iii the third line, are compared 

 with these, we see at once that they must have had a different parentage ; 



1 Biometrika, vol. 18, p. 82. 



