SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.— C. 329 



breached during the ensuing period of retreat of the ice, and frequently connection 

 can be traced between river terraces and the gorges through the moraines. 

 Comparable terminal moraines in other parts of the Pennines, in Durham and 

 Westmorland, and in parts of Cumberland, suggest that the periodic pause in retreat 

 was due to a climatic periodicity affecting the North of England as a whole. 



Mr. Ratcliffe Barnett. — Geological Sections in the Sladen Valley, West 

 Yorkshire. 



This paper gives an account of the method which was adopted to ascertain the 

 nature of the strata in a section of the Sladen Valley, near Haworth, so as to prove 

 whether the sites of two reservoirs were suitable for the construction of the reservoirs 

 which it was proposed to build for the additional supply of Mater to the town of 

 Keighley. 



The sites had been adopted many years previously, but no attempt had been 

 made to test the character of the sub-strata of the sites. These reservoirs were known 

 as ' Bully Trees Reservoir ' and ' Lower Laithe Reservoir ' respectively. 



On the line of the embankment of the proposed ' Bully Trees Reservoir ' four trial 

 borings were put down to depths varying from 100 feet to 151 feet from the surface 

 of the ground. Six trial pits were sunk to supplement the bore-holes, the deepest 

 reaching to 70 feet from the surface of the ground. The details of these bore-holes 

 and trial pits are given in tabular form in Appendices Nos. 1 and 2 and in diagrammatic 

 form in Diagram No. 2. 



The results of these borings and pits are described in the paper and reasons given 

 for the decision arrived at that the Bully Trees site was quite unsuitable for the 

 construction of a watertight reservoir. 



The bore-holes and trial pits which were put down to test the other site, that at 

 ' Lower Laithe Reservoir,' are next described in detail and similarly shown in 

 Appendices Nos. 3, 4 and 5. The results are also shown in diagrammatic form in 

 Diagrams Nos. 7 and 8. 



The results of these borings and pits are similarly described in detail and the 

 inferences set forth by which it was concluded that a watertight reservoir was in all 

 probability feasible at the Lower Laithe Reservoir site. 



This reservoir has been constructed and has proved to be quite watertight. 



The paper is illustrated by lantern slides. 



Dr. D. A. Wray. — The Carboniferous Succession in the Central Pennine 

 Area, with special reference to the Country between Todmorden, 

 Rochdale and Huddersfield. 



The strata usually described as the millstone grits and lower coal measures are 

 typically developed in the Central Pennine area, on the borders of Lancashire and 

 Yorkshire. 



This area was originally surveyed by the officers of the Geological Survey some 

 sixty years ago : a detailed series of subdivisions was instituted, based largely on 

 lithological considerations. 



The detailed study of the fossils which occur at numerous horizons was taken up 

 at a much later date, and it was the late Dr. Wheelton Hind who first paid attention 

 to the Goniatites with a view to their establishment as zonal indices. The material 

 then available, however, was insufficient for a thorough study of the group on 

 ontogenetic lines. This has recently been taken up by Mr. W. S. Bisat, who has 

 instituted a zonal sequence based on mutations and species of the genera Eelkuloceras 

 and Gastrioceras. 



The present writer has geologically surveyed on the six -inch scale upwards of two 

 hundred square miles of the Central Pennines and has found these zones to have 

 a high stratigraphical value ; by their means a complete correlation of the succession 

 on both sides of the Pennine axis can now be confidently instituted, based entirely 

 on palaeontological considerations. 



The lower coal measures have also been studied in detail and a modified cor- 

 relation is now presented. It is further claimed that the Alley Mine, Better Bed, 

 Kilburn and Woodhead coals of Lancashire, Yorkshire, Derbyshire and North 

 Staffordshire, respectively, are of close if not exact contemporaneity, and make a 



