Herpetomoniasis in Birds 191 
present in them as well as in the bone-marrow. Dividing leish- 
maniform parasites were found in the heart and liver; elongating 
elements in process of division occurred in the bone-marrow, while 
fully developed flagellates in various stages of division were found 
in smears of the heart, liver and lungs. 
Haperiment 3 (H.B.F.). A young male martin was fed with 
larvae and mature Culex pipiens, containing Herpetomonas culicis. 
It lived twelve days after the infective feed. Blood smears taken 
during the course of the infection were negative. At post-mortem, 
the condition of the bird and the distribution of the parasites 
were found to be the same as in the case of the sparrow detailed 
in Experiment 2. 
Eapervment 4 (A.P.). A young female martin was inoculated 
subcutaneously with H. culicis. It was frightened and died after 
two days. No infection appeared to have taken place. 
Haperiment 5 (A.P.). A young male canary was fed with the 
faeces of Nepa cinerea, the excrement which contained H. jaculum 
having been collected on a slide and mixed with bread. Blood 
examinations were made at intervals. The bird lived 17 days 
after the infective feed. A few non-flagellate forms were found on 
the 7th and l1thdays. At post-mortem, a few non-flagellate forms 
were found in the liver and spleen, elongating parasites in the liver 
and bone-marrow, and a few flagellates in the liver. The heart 
blood and tissue contained some multiplicative forms. 
Experiment 6 (H.B.F.). A young male martin was fed with 
the faeces of several larvae and adults of Culew pipiens, mixed 
with small quantities of boiled mutton. The Culex faeces con- 
tained post-flagellate or encysted stages of H. culicis. The bird 
lived 32 days after the infective feed. The body was somewhat 
emaciated at death. Non-flagellate forms of H. culicis were 
present in the spleen and lung, elongating forms in the bone- 
marrow and a very few flagellate stages in the spleen. 
Eupervment 7 (H.B.F.). A female sparrow was fed with the 
faeces of Nepa cinerea containing H. jaculum. On the 11th 
day after the infective feed, a probable parasite of the elongating, 
flagellate type was seen in the blood, but no others have been 
seen since. The bird is growing somewhat thinner, but is still 
alive at the time of writing, and infection appears doubtful. 
Experiment 8 (A.P.). A female canary was fed with food con- 
taminated with H. culicis. As usual, blood smears were taken 
at intervals. No parasites were found. After 80 days, the bird 
was killed, but no herpetomonads were found on examination of 
organ smears. 
In connection with these experiments, it should be remembered 
that the flagellates of the insect hosts rarely coexisted with many 
bacteria. In common with certain other workers, we found that 
