Dr Doncastér, On some Gynandromorphic Specimens, etc. 227 
On Some Gynandromorphic Specimens of Abraxas grossulariata. 
By L. DoncasTER, Sc.D., Fellow of King’s College. 
[Read 21 February 1916.] 
In the spring of 1915 I bred two abnormal specimens of 
Abraxas grossulariata among those that I was rearing for work 
on the determination of sex. Each of them combines to a certain 
extent the characters of both sexes, and they may therefore be 
described as gynandromorphic, although they are not lateral 
gynandromorphs of the type in which one half of the insect 
has the characters of one sex and the other half of the other sex. 
The first specimen (reference no. of family 14.13) hatched on 
March 18; it appeared externally to be a male, and was killed 
and recorded as a male before I noticed that it was an exception 
to the rule of sex-Hmited inheritance that a giossulariata female 
mated to a lacticolor male gives all male offspring grossulariata. 
The remainder of the family consisted of 24 lacticolor females, 
in accordance with the rule that all females from such parentage 
should be lacticolor, and this particular family belonged to a 
strain which produces only, or almost exclusively, females. in 
certain families (see Journ. of Genet. 11, 1913, p. 1 and Iv, 
1914, p. 1). Superficially the moth appeared a typical lactz- 
colur male, but when I discovered that it was an exception to the 
normal rule of sex-limited inheritance, I examined it more closely, 
and dissected its abdomen. The examination showed that the 
left antenna was less strongly pectinated and slightly shorter than 
the right; the left wings somewhat smaller and the left side of 
the body with smaller spots. Internally the testes were white 
instead of orange, and apparently empty; no other abnormalities 
in the internal genitalia were noticed, but the moth at the time 
of dissection was not in a good state of preservation for detailed 
observation. I sent the moth, with the next specimen to be 
described, to Mr F. N. Pierce, a leading expert on the external 
genitalia of British moths, and from his description, which I sum- 
marize below, it will be seen that while on the right side the 
genital armature is nearly like that of a normal male, on the left 
in addition to malformed male organs there are portions of female 
structures. 
The main features of Mr Pierce’s report are (1) the right 
antenna is male, the left female; the frenulum of the left wing 
is of the male type and well developed, that of the right, male 
but imperfect. In the external genitalia the chief points are that 
