EMPIRE SOIL RESOURCES— EARTH PRESSURES 287 



Canada : Prof. P. M. Roxby, Department of Geography, Liverpool 

 University. 



India : Mr. A. V. Williamson, Department of Geography, Leeds Univer- 

 sity. 



Ireland : Dr. D. K. Smee, Bedford College, London. 



Australia : Prof. O. H. T. Rishbeth, Department of Geography, 

 University College, Southampton. 



New Zealand : Mr. R. O. Buchanan, University College, London. 



East Africa : Prof. Rodwell Jones, School of Economics, London. 



West Indies, British Guiana, etc. : Prof. F. Hardy, Trinidad. 



Tanganyika : Mr. G. Milne, Amani (provisional). 



Several other individuals have expressed their readiness to co-operate, if 

 necessary. 



At the second meeting of the Committee, recommendations for collecting 

 the required climatic and ecological data were drawn up. Those recom- 

 mendations have been sent to all who are helping in the Survey, and it is 

 hoped that the work on the different parts of the Empire is now well in hand. 



EARTH PRESSURES. 



Seventh Interim Report of Committee on Earth Pressures (Mr. F. E. 

 Wentworth-Sheilds, Chairman ; Dr. J. S. Owens, Secretary ; 

 Prof. G. Cook, Mr. T. E. N. Fargher, Prof. A. R. Fulton, Prof. 

 F. C. Lea, Prof. R. V. Southwell, Dr. R. E. Stradling, Dr. W. N. 

 Thomas, Mr. E. G. Walker, Mr. J. S. Wilson). 



Since the Committee's last report two meetings have been held, one at 

 Burlington House in April 1932, and one at Garston in July 1932. Both 

 were chiefly concerned with the research work which has been carried on 

 at the Building Research Station at Garston by Prof. C. F. Jenkin, who 

 has collaborated with the Committee in this work for the past five years, and 

 who has contributed the report which is attached hereto. His work, of 

 which the Committee would again express high appreciation, may be said 

 to have reached an important stage, as he considers the results now justify 

 his laying down ' rules ' for estimating the lateral pressure of sand on 

 retaining walls, which rules are stated and explained in a notable paper, 

 which was read and discussed at the Institution of Civil Engineers in 

 February 1932. The paper formed the subject of further discussion at the 

 Committee's meeting in April 1932, when the reliability of some of the rules 

 was challenged. The Committee, however, welcomed the announcement 

 that the Research Department intended to publish a paper with the addition 

 of relevant tables, and suggested an introductory note, which Prof. Jenkin 

 agreed to. At the July meeting Prof. Jenkin further explained the work 

 he is doing on clay. At the same meeting Mr. E. G. Walker presented 

 an abstract he had made of an important paper by Mr. Glennon Gilboy, 

 published in the Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers 

 (October 193 1). The paper summarises the principal features of the pro- 

 gramme of research on soils which is being carried out at the Massachusetts 

 Institution of Technology. The work was started some years ago by Dr. 

 Charles Terzaghi, who is still in touch with it. Mr. Walker also presented an 

 abstract of an article in Engineering (May 30 and June 13, 1930), describing 

 various experiments, including one with sand and ' till ' on a ' wall ' 10 ft. 



