402 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.— L. 



Equipment. — Good laboratory for not more than twenty-four pupils per 

 teacher ; usual experimental apparatus with addition of useful materials 

 from cars, engines, cycles, clocks, taps, etc. ; work-bench with vice and a 

 few simple tools. 



Contetit of Course. — (i) Preliminary training in study of some appliance 

 involving simple scientific principles. (2) Two years' general course in 

 science ; study of physics and chemistry of air and water ; applications 

 chosen to suit environment of pupils. (3) For third and fourth years, con- 

 centration on some branch of science rather than an attempt to give a 

 smattering of all. 



Examples of Expression Work. — Working models by pupils (age 10-14) 

 will be on view to illustrate various points in the paper, with examples of 

 note-making and useful working diagrams for teaching purposes. 



Discussion. (Mr, W. Easterby.) 



Report of Committee : 



On the teaching of general science in schools, with special reference 

 to the teaching of biology. 



Afternoon. 



Joint Discussion with Section J (Psychology, ^.w.) on Industrial psychology 

 and psychological selection in York. 



Monday, September 5. 



Education in Yorkshire : — 



Sir J. B. Baillie, O.B.E. — Applied science in Yorkshire. 



Applied science in so far as it falls within the Education Section is not 

 concerned either with the achievements or discoveries of applied science or 

 with the industrial developments of applied science. It is desirable at the 

 outset to explain the nature of applied science and the distinction and rela- 

 tion between pure and applied science. They are equally scientific in 

 method, and are mutually interdependent in principle and in fact. The 

 historical development of instruction in applied science in Yorkshire started 

 from the mechanics' institutes, was taken up by the technical colleges and 

 reached its final stage in the incorporation of applied science in the curricu- 

 lum of the universities of Yorkshire. Technical instruction is inseparable 

 from applied science : but technical education, whether lower or higher, 

 is primarily craft instruction with scientific instruction and investigation 

 occupying a secondary place. Applied science in the restricted sense sub- 

 ordinates craft instruction to scientific training and investigation. Co- 

 ordination between all forms of technical instruction and applied science is 

 a desideratum. Statistics of attendance and expenditure show a great 

 advance on the extent of technical education in Yorkshire in the last twenty 

 years. 



The work of the applied science departments of the universities is carried 

 on in close association with the pure science departments. Applied science 

 in the universities, as well as in the technical colleges, has been intimately 

 connected with the industries of Yorkshire from the first, and has been 

 much encouraged and supported by them. The work of the applied science 



